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W kręgu obrony państwa. O współpracy organów bezpieczeństwa Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej w zakresie zwalczania szpiegostwa niemieckiego

100%

Ćwięk H.

Studia Politologiczne

2019

vol. 51

56-70

After Poland regained its independence in 1918, the important problem was the organization of defensive structures. The military authorities bind great importance to the cooperation of all security entities to combat German espionage. Cooperation of branches of the Second Division of the General Staff (Main) of the Polish Army with the police and the Customs Guard in the early twenties left much to be desired. In March 1928, the Border Guard was established under the ordinance of the President of the Republic of Poland. Later developed the principles of cooperation of the formation of Division II. Border Guard fulfilled the role of a subsidiary body in the activities of the intelligence and counter-intelligence. The effects of this cooperation had not always been satisfactory. The police authorities in the framework of cooperation with the Second Division carried out various tasks. To combat German espionage were involved political police, investigative services, and even the uniformed services. Cooperation in counter-intelligence activities is difficult to assess unambiguously. The police, despite making mistakes, supported actions in this area. During the growing threat from the side of the Third Reich the leadership of the Second Division stressed great importance to information about the German army and preparations for war. The Border Guard played an important role in recognition in this area.

SELECTED PROBLEMS OF DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS IN THE CASES OF BORDER GUARD OFFICERS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF STANDARDS OF HUMAN RIGHTS

58%

Baran B.

Roczniki Administracji i Prawa

2017

vol. 17/2

239-251

The article discusses selected international human rights standards applied in the disciplinary proceedings of the Border Guard officers. The issues of branch affiliation of the norms regulating this disciplinary proceeding, the sources of law binding in it, the guaranteed rights of defense and the principle of control were elaborated.

Tematyką artykułu jest analiza wybranych międzynarodowych standardów praw człowieka przestrzeganych w postępowaniu dyscyplinarnym w sprawach funkcjonariuszy Straży Granicznej. Szczegółowo opracowane zostały zagadnienia przynależności gałęziowej norm regulujących to postępowanie dyscyplinarne, źródeł prawa w nim obowiązujących, zagwarantowanego prawa do obrony oraz zasady kontroli.

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1 Roczniki Administracji i Prawa

1 Studia Politologiczne

1 Baran B.

1 Ćwięk H.

1 2019

1 2017

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W kręgu obrony państwa. O współpracy organów bezpieczeństwa Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej w zakresie zwalczania szpiegostwa niemieckiego

SELECTED PROBLEMS OF DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS IN THE CASES OF BORDER GUARD OFFICERS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF STANDARDS OF HUMAN RIGHTS