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1

Zakaz cenzury prewencyjnej w świetle zasady wolności słowa

100%

Jaworski L.

Themis Polska Nova

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2014

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issue 1(6)

143-164

EN

Censorship is a special case of media control. In the authoritarian system it is preventive censorship as well as press licensing that constitute a characteristic symptom of this control. In law, the notion of censorship has not been defined: therefore one has to refer to doctrines and jurisdiction. In the Polish law, a clear ban on preventive censorship, understood as making publishing or broadcasting a certain message dependent on the prior consent of a public authority, was included in Article 54 Section 2 of the Constitution. This regulation constitutes, in the area that it regulates, a development and confirmation of the freedom of the press and other media rule expressed in Article 14 of the Constitution. Additional provisions of the press’s freedom of speech in the context discussed here are formulated in Article 3 of the Press Law. Although it does not refer directly to preventive censorship, the ban it expresses is supposed to prevent the actual infringement on the freedom of the press by preventing its print and distribution. As for the issues discussed here, what may be controversial is the approach limiting the introduction of preventive censorship only to public administration institutions. The Constitutional Tribunal in its verdict from 20 July 2011, referring to the use of publication ban within proceedings to secure claims in claims against mass media concerning the protection of personal rights (Article 755 Paragraph 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure) stated that the judicial power is not the administrative power. Therefore, the courts’ activity cannot be considered as using censorship, but rather as monitoring the law being obeyed in the preventive meaning. And as for the regulations included in the European Convention on Human Rights, its Article 10 (as well as its other regulations) does not directly refer to the issue of controlling or obstructing publications, especially press releases. This question, however, has been the subject of many rulings of the European Court of Human Rights.

2

Wolność prasy i innych środków społecznego przekazu jako zasada ustrojowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

84%

Jaworski L.

Zarządzanie Mediami

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 1

1–16

EN

The catalogue of Poland’s most important system founding rules have been included in Chapter 1 of the Polish Constitution. However, the location of a given law does not determine its power. Yet it can lead to certain conclusions about its legal meaning. These norms are usually defined succinctly; therefore, it may be necessary to refer to other articles of the Constitution, especially to Article 14, which conveys the rule of the freedom of media. The role of this freedom is influenced mainly by its connection with the freedom of speech rule. It is usually emphasized in connection with realizing the principle of civil society and the rule of political pluralism on which it is based. Article 14 of the Constitution formulates a general guarantee, while further rules can be found in the chapters about the rights and freedoms of an individual (Art. 54), their extension in the press law, while the status of the radio and television is subject to special regulations (mainly the Broadcasting Act). Article 14 also involves the rights and freedoms of a human and a citizen. The basis is Article 5, while Article 14 is one of the co-defining norms. Expressing certain common values, the mentioned rule forms constitutional boundaries, within which the process of constituting the law takes place, as well as being the source of the obligation on the part of the whole state apparatus to implement the constitutional norms.

3

Autopromocja dostawców audiowizualnych usług medialnych

84%

Czarny-Drożdżejko E.

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 7

29-43

PL

Artykuł przedstawia regulację zjawiska autopromocji w Konwencji o telewizji ponadgranicznej, dyrektywie o audiowizualnych usługach medialnych oraz na gruncie polskiej ustawy o radiofonii i telewizji. Autopromocja jest zjawiskiem złożonym i może przybrać różną formę – reklamy produk-tów dostawcy usług medialnych, zwiastunów, a niekiedy nawet zapowiedzi. Ustawodawca nie jest do końca konsekwentny w stosowanym nazewnictwie, jak również nie różnicuje tego zjawiska. Autopromocja jest formą przekazu handlowego, a więc takiego który z założenia ma zachęcić do promocji towarów czy usług nadawcy. Do autopromocji stosuje się wszystkie przepisy regulujące formę i treść przekazów handlowych. Szczegółowo została w Polsce unormowana kwestia ogło-szeń nadawcy, zawierających jedynie informację o jego audycjach oraz o dodatkowych produk-tach uzyskiwanych bezpośrednio z audycji. Szczególne problemy związane są z autopromocją dostawców usług audiowizualnych na żądanie. Artykuł ukazuje złożoność problematyki autopro-mocji, problemy interpretacji przepisów o autopromocji oraz konieczność wprowadzenia zmian w ustawie o radiofonii i telewizji.

EN

The article describes rules on the issue of self-promotion in the European Convention on Transfrontier Television, in the Audiovisual Media Services Directive and in the Polish Broadcasting Act. Self-promotion is a complex matter as it can take different forms such as advertisements of products of the media service providers, trailers and sometimes even prevue. The legislator is not entirely consistent in the terminology used and does not differentiate this phenomenon. Self-promotion is a form of commercial communication intended to encourage the promotion of goods or services of the sender. Self-promotion is thus subject to all provisions governing the form and content of commercial communications. The issue of the sender’s announcements has been regulated in detail as regards information on the programmes and ancillary products derived directly from these programmes. Particular problems are associated with self-promotion of video-on-demand providers. The aim of the article is to depict the complexity of the issue of self-promotion, problems in its interpretation, and the need to introduce amendments to the Polish Broadcasting Act.

4

Polska lista ważnych wydarzeń i kontekst jej powstania

84%

Woźniak A.

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 7

127-134

PL

Art. 20b ust. 3 ustawy o radiofonii i telewizji daje możliwość KRRiT wydania rozporządzenia w spra-wie listy ważnych wydarzeń z uwzględnieniem stopnia społecznego zainteresowania określonym wydarzeniem i jego znaczenia dla życia społecznego, gospodarczego i politycznego. W artykule przedstawiono kontekst powstania polskiej listy ważnych wydarzeń oraz kryteria, jakie były brane pod uwagę przy przyjmowaniu rozporządzenia KRRiT w tej sprawie.

EN

Article 20b(3) of the Polish Broadcasting Act gives the Polish National Broadcasting Council – KRRiT – the authority to issue a biding act (in Polish: Rozporządzenie, that is, a regulation) creating a list of major events, having regard to the degree of social interest in the given event and its significance to social, economic and political life. The article presents the context of creating the Polish list and the criteria which were taken into consideration while the KRRiT was adopting it.

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2 internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny

1 Themis Polska Nova

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2 Jaworski L.

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1 Woźniak A.

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Zakaz cenzury prewencyjnej w świetle zasady wolności słowa

Wolność prasy i innych środków społecznego przekazu jako zasada ustrojowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

Autopromocja dostawców audiowizualnych usług medialnych

Polska lista ważnych wydarzeń i kontekst jej powstania