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1

Myth Making by Jan Machnik: The American and Polish Cooperative Archaeological Project 1966–1978

100%
Milisauskas S.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2015
|
vol. 67
315-327
EN
This article is my history of the archaeological project conducted by the University of Michigan and State University of New York at Buffalo and the Institute of the History of Material Culture, Polish Academy of Sciences from 1966 to 1978. Recently my colleague Jan Machnik (2014) published his recollections about this project in his memoirs Między pokoleniami (Between Generations). Since I play a significant role in his memoirs, I think that the future generations of archeologists should treat some sections of Machnik’s memoirs as storytelling, since they contain a mixed bag of facts and fiction. I present my recollections of events related to the archaeological project. As long as I worked at Olszanica and Machnik at Iwanowice 1967–1973, we had minor disagreements. In 1974 we started the cooperative American and Polish excavations at Bronocice. The attempt by Machnik to control the Bronocice excavations and marginalize my role in the project led to our conflict. My fight with Machnik was not about archaeological ideas and interpretations of archaeological data, but about the organization and control of the cooperative excavations and the personnel of the project.
2

A brief response to S. Milisauskas

100%
Machnik J.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2015
|
vol. 67
329-332
EN
There are critical considerations on certain expressions used in the paper by Sarunas Milisauskas, published in the present volume of Sprawozdania Archeologiczne. They refer to problems experienced during realization of the Polish-American archaeological research on loess uplands of Lesser Poland in1960s and 1970s
3

Variability in 4th Millennium BC Livestock Management Practices in the Bronocice Region, Southeastern Poland

86%
Pipes M.-L., Kruk J., Milisauskas S.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2017
|
vol. 69
55-69
EN
Livestock management systems are complex refl ections of economic practices. During the mid-fourth millennium BC in southeastern Poland distinct economic activities were revealed using portable x-ray fl uorescence (herein pXRF). Portable X-ray fl uorescence was used to measure elemental levels of strontium in the teeth of cattle, sheep and pig. Strontium is fi xed in dental enamel after a tooth has formed. By comparing strontium in teeth of different developmental ages it was possible to segregate individuals into local and non-local animals from three sites. The patterns observed reveal two levels of stock-herding in the Bronocice region. One pattern of low strontium diversity revealed the existence of unique localized management strategies for each species indicating they were managed separately. Another pattern of high strontium variability confi rmed the importation of non-local animals on an increasing scale over time revealing another aspect of Bronocice’s involvement in long distance trade.
4

What does the bell-distribution hide? Spatial behavior and demographic development of the Funnel Beaker culture populations in Bronocice region, Poland

86%
Diachenko A., Kruk J., Milisauskas S.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2016
|
vol. 68
25-38
EN
Spatial archaeology usually links population estimates to settlement functions. Normal (Gaussian) or binomial distributions of a variable reflecting population values are used for groups of sites identified as seasonal occupations, hamlets, villages, centers etc. However, using this approach the demographic development remains hidden in bell-curves. To solve this issue we propose a research procedure that considers spatio-demographic development of the population. Application of this procedure to Funnel Beaker sites in the Bronocice region led to the identification of at least 7 sub-phases in the ‘classical’ period Bronocice 3 (BR II) and 4 (BR III) and could be increased to 8-9 sub-phases.
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