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EN
Based on the work of Gilbert Keith Chesterton and Clive Staples Lewis, the author analyzes the role of humor in the Christian spirituality and the connection between humor and other values such as love, humility, freedom and truth. One of the conclusions is that both writers regarded and showed humor as an indicator, of the authenticity and depth are lived and realized in the above mentioned values.
PL
Na podstawie twórczości Gilberta Keitha Chestertona i Clive’a Staplesa Lewisa autor analizuje rolę humoru w duchowości chrześcijanina i związek humoru z wybranymi wartościami: pokorą, miłością, wolnością i prawdą. Jednym z wniosków jest ten, że obaj tytułowi pisarze uważali i ukazywali humor jako rodzaj indykatora, który wskazuje, z jaką autentycznością i głębią są przeżywane i realizowane wymienione wartości.
EN
The author discusses film representations of the life of C.S. Lewis – a famous English Christian writer. She also focuses on adaptations (that include books, television and cinema) of his most famous series The Chronicles of Narnia – series that for already sixty years have been published all over the world.
Linguaculture
|
2014
|
vol. 2014
|
issue 2
45-56
EN
C.S. Lewis’s life as an academic was concerned with the teaching of medieval and Renaissance literature, though both his lectures and his publications also incorporated his extensive knowledge of Greek and Latin classics. He argued that the cultural and intellectual history of Europe was divided into three main periods, the pre-Christian, the Christian and the post-Christian, which he treated as a matter of historical understanding and with no aim at proselytization: a position that none the less aroused some opposition following his inaugural lecture as professor at Cambridge. Ever since his childhood, his interest in the Middle Ages had been an imaginative rather than a purely scholarly one, and his main concern was to inculcate a sense of the beauty of that pre-modern thought world and its value-a concern that set him apart from the other schools of English language and literature dominant in his lifetime.
EN
The paper seeks to explore the concept of the secondary world as developed in Susanna Clarke’s 2020 fantasy novel Piranesi. The analysis is conducted in the context of the evolution of the literary motif of fairy abduction between the classic medieval texts and its current incarnations in modern speculative fiction. The argument relates the unique secondary world model found in Clarke’s novel to the extensive intertextual relationship Piranesi has with the tradition of portal fantasy narratives, and discusses it in the context of the progressive cognitive internalisation of the perception of the fantastic which has taken place between the traditional medieval paradigm and contemporary fantasy fiction.
PL
Celem artykułu jest zbadanie wybranych źródeł inspiracji, które mogły posłużyć G. Orwellowi do stworzenia koncepcji sztucznego języka zwanego Nowomową, który w powieści Rok 1984 ukazany jest jako skuteczne narzędzie zniewolenia i kontrolowania myśli w ręku totalitarnej władzy. Autor omawia w tym kontekście możliwe związki między Nowomową a rzeczywiście istniejącymi sztucznymi językami, takimi jak Esperanto. Wskazane są również podobieństwa i różnice między Orwellowską koncepcją „dwójmyślenia” a pojęciem „ketmanu” zdefiniowanym w książce Czesława Miłosza pt. Zniewolony umysł. Jednak główny nacisk położony jest na związki między powieścią Orwella a fantastyczno-naukową powieścią C.S. Lewisa pod tytułem Ta ohydna siła. Wiadomo, że Orwell książkę Lewisa znał i nawet ją zrecenzował. Istnieje wiele bardziej i mniej oczywistych podobieństw między tymi dwoma wybitnymi wizjami zdegenerowanego języka, który służy bardziej politycznej manipulacji niż wzajemnemu zrozumieniu.
EN
The aim of the article is to investigate some of the possible sources of inspiration for Orwell’s concept of the artificial language called Newspeak, which, in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, is shown as an effective tool of enslavement and thought control in the hands of a totalitarian state. The author discusses, in this context, the putative links between Newspeak and really existing artificial languages, first of all Esperanto, and also between Orwell’s notion of “doublethink”, which is an important feature of the totalitarian mentality, and Czesław Miłosz’s notion of “ketman”, developed in his book The Captive Mind. But the main emphasis is on the connection between Orwell’s book and the slightly earlier novel by C.S. Lewis, That Hideous Strength. It is well known that Orwell knew Lewis’s book and expressed his mixed feelings about it. There are many specific, though far from obvious, similarities between the two books, but what seems to have been particularly inspiring for Orwell was Lewis’s vision of a thoroughly degenerate language that is used for political manipulation rather than for communication.
EN
Clive S. Lewis is thought to be one of the most important contemporary Christian apologist. In his works, Lewis argued against naturalism and put forward arguments in support of theism. In doing so, he referred to experience and made use of laws of logic and probabilistic reasoning, hence meeting rationality criteria. Part I discusses Lewis’s arguments from the existence of morality, reason, desires and numinous experiences. It presents a basal criticism of these arguments. Except of the ptresentation of those arguments and their analysis the aim of the paper is to provide a basis for a comparison (in Part II) of the anti-naturalistic arguments with what Lewis wrote about God, faith and life after death in the period following the passing of his wife, a great loss for the thinker.
PL
This paper seeks to explore the narrative catechesis and elements of religious pedagogy in C.S. Lewis' “The Chronicles of Narnia” and to critically ponder on the following questions: To what extent is the message of faith conveyed to the reader by Lewis' story-telling? In which way is a narrative approach to theology and catechesis articulated and realised? Why is the narrative catechesis useful and what is its role in the context of the overall mission of the Church i.e. the preaching of the Gospel? In order to provide answers to these questions the first part of this paper outlines a Christian allegory of the Narnian stories. The second part deals with the formalistic approach as using allegory, allusion, and symbolism to interpret Lewis' narrative. The third part outlines the need for a critical awareness and the role of theological narrative in flourishing humanity and human wholeness. The concluding section presents an overall assessment of Lewis's Christian fantasy and its faith-shaping impact.
EN
Children’s contemporary literature often presents an ambiguous and even immoral world of values, not to speak of Christian virtues, which are neither emphatically mentioned nor even faintly evoked. Theological virtues enhance human capacities and elevate every person to their highest being, to the supernatural order they are created for. Directly related to the Scriptures, for they are revealed, the theological virtues suggest an unavoidable and clear connection to God. In C.S. Lewis’ Chronicles of Narnia we find a useful counterexample to teaching morals through literature: these seven fantasy novels provide multiple examples of how to be faithful, hopeful and even how to practice the virtue of charity. Considering that through a fictional evocation of certain concepts these might be apprehended more significantly, in this paper we aim to explore new readings of the saga that go beyond a general approach in order to transcend its allegorical mechanisms and respond to criteria such as the virtue of charity and its two main features: vicariousness and forgiveness.
PL
Współczesna literatura dziecięca często przedstawia niejednoznaczny, a nawet niemoralny świat wartości, nie mówiąc już o cnotach chrześcijańskich, na które nie tylko nie kładzie ona nacisku, ale o których nie wspomina nawet mimochodem. Cnoty teologiczne doskonalą ludzkie sprawności i podnoszą człowieka do najwyższego poziomu jego bytu, do porządku nadprzyrodzonego, dla którego został stworzony. Cnoty teologiczne, bezpośrednio zakorzenione w Piśmie Świętym i należące do materii Objawienia, w nieunikniony sposób wyraźnie odsyłają do Boga. Wbrew rozpowszechnionemu trendowi, Opowieści z Narnii C.S. Lewisa stanowią użyteczny przykład nauczania moralności poprzez literaturę: te siedem powieści fantasy daje wiele przykładów, jak być wiernym, pełnym nadziei, a nawet jak praktykować cnotę miłości. Biorąc pod uwagę fakt, że pewne pojęcia można uchwycić znacznie lepiej poprzez ich fikcyjną ewokację, w niniejszym artykule zamierzamy dokonać nowego odczytania sagi, odbiegającego od jej standardowego ujęcia, aby wyjść poza jej alegoryczne mechanizmy i rozpoznać cnotę miłości oraz jej dwojaki charakter: zastępczy i przebaczający.
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