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THE CHIEF AS A FUNCTIONARY. DECENTRALISED DESPOTISM IN THE POST-TRIBAL SOCIETY IN CAMEROON

100%
Vorbrich R.
Lud
|
2004
|
vol. 88
219-236
EN
The article describes the genesis and modern manifestations of the involvement of an African state in tribal structures. The description of historical and cultural conditions and political phenomena typical of the entire continent is illustrated with examples from Cameroon. The analysis starts with the concept of post-tribal society, in which elements of culture and social structure, typical of the tribal society (traditional sources of prestige, collectivism, dominance of blood ties and ethnocentric attitudes) are mixed with institutions and principles imported from Western culture (the concept of nation, parliamentary system, social relations based on free relations and individualistic attitudes). The analysis of the legal status and political functions of tribal chiefs in the social life of Cameroon leads to the conclusion that they are de facto and de iure the modern emanation of the 'class of native intermediaries'.
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'bak mwa me do' - CAMFRANGLAIS IN CAMEROON

100%
Kiessling R.
Lingua Posnaniensis
|
2005
|
vol. 47
87-107
EN
The aim of the article is to overview Camfranglais, a highly hybrid sociolect of the urban youth type in Cameroon's big cities Yaoundé and Douala, This language variety serves its adolescent speakers as an icon of 'resistance identity' (Castells 1997), i.e. they consciously create and constantly transform this sociolect of theirs by manipulating lexical items from various Cameroonian and European sources, in an effort to mark off their identity as a new social group, the modern Cameroonian urban youth, in opposition to established groups such as the older generation, the rural population and the Cameroonian elites who have subscribed to the norms of 'la francophonie'. The linguistic strategies preferably applied in this lexical manipulation, i.e. phonological truncation, morphological hybridization, hyperbolic and dysphemistic extensions, reflect the provocative attitude of its speakers and their jocular disrespect of linguistic norms and purity, clearly revealing its function as an anti-language (Halliday 1978). From a socio-political perspective, the creation of Camfranglais represents the appropriation of an imported language, French, under strong pressure of an exoglossic language policy which excludes the majority of the population from national discourse and upward social mobility. Being born as an anti-language, Camfranglais seems to be growing into an icon of the emerging new 'project identity' (Castells 1997) of modern Cameroonian urbanity.
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