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1
Content available remote

Zpřístupnění starých map a vedut pomocí internetu

100%
Pridal P.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2007
|
vol. 34
231-237
EN
The purpose of the paper is to show the options for easily accessible tools suitable for presentation and processing of old maps and vedute. It can also be a springboard for both those who are just interested in this field and those who are seriously involved in processing of historical documents and are searching for a suitable software. Those who are really interested can go through a graduation thesis or search the enclosed CD or DVD which contain other materials, data from all lectures and also most of the software mentioned here. The thesis is also accessible on the www.staremapy.cz. Beside the aforementioned, the thesis deals with classification of historical documents in the library system. Searching through large collections of old maps and classification of search results according to the relevance towards questions is also very interesting.
2
Content available remote

Historiogrammy - zapomniana forma wizualizacji dziejów

100%
Czechowicz B.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2007
|
vol. 34
237-251
EN
In 1830 an atlas called 'Historiogramm des PREUSSISCHEN STAATS von 1280 bis 1830 n. Christus im sinchronistischen Verhältnis zu dem Nachbarstaaten (...)' is published. On 6 tablets it shows the history of Hohenzollern against the background of Central Europe. As indicated by the headings of the tablets, they portray 'rivers of events' (Zeitstrom), which may be joined up to form a coherent whole. Then these rivers 'flow' from top to bottom, that is to say from north to south, toward the sea. In their 'upper' reaches stretching to the middle ages they are winding and narrow, but widen where they become located in the rivers of Hohenzollern, flowing on to the next centuries. Prior to 1830 they connect at the source like a delta. These analogies with nature are further strengthened by the fact that the rivers of Prussian events are blue, while the country and land retain different classificatory colours. Such a presentation reveals the inevitability of historical events governed not by people, but by nature. Against such processes, humankind is powerless and should surrender. History has its own logic and purpose - in the context of which the domination of Prussia in Europe is simply the uniquely revolutionary and consistent unfolding and growth of a nation. Thus, the historiogramm becomes an apologia, in the spirit of Friedrich Hegel, for the Prussian monarchic system. Its presentation of history has didactic value, and is as such a model Biedermaierean creation of ideology. Furthermore, it is an interesting suggestion of the creation of a visual historical narrative, connecting pictures of events with a presentation of the space in which these events occur.
3
Content available remote

Dějiny, současnost a perspektivy rekonstrukčních map

80%
Semotanova E.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2007
|
vol. 34
197-215
EN
Reconstruction maps and cartographic models are commonly used as methods and resources of scientific research (historical, geographical, archaeological, urban etc.) and tools used for processing results of scientific work. The term 'reconstruction maps' started to be used for topic-based maps including historical ones and is commonly used in the professional 'non-cartographic' community. Reconstruction maps have their own genesis and history. We can find maps of this type in historical atlases from the 18th century. At present there is an immense number of reconstruction maps published independently, in atlases or as parts of scientific studies and publications; at the same time, new maps are being created. There is no or completely insufficient registration system of these works. A reconstruction map shows results of research by means of modern methods based on another general geographic and cartographic work, mostly a modern one, but possibly an old one too. Simply said, the term 'reconstruction map' covers in various types of topic-based maps focused on historical matters (archaeological, historical, historical-geographical etc. maps). A reconstruction map is not a cartographic 'terminus technicus', cartographic terminological dictionaries do not know this term and so they do not list it. The thing is that the map reconstructs processes or phenomena which occurred in the past and for the reconstruction modern cartographic tools are used. Archaeologists, historians, historical geographers, ethnologists, people responsible for the preservation of cultural heritage and other specialists use the term 'reconstruction map'. This term is known by specialists in many other disciplines, such as geography, historical geography, geoinformatics, architecture, urbanism, landscape ecology and others. A 'reconstruction map' is, unlike a historical map, a broader term. A 'historical map' is a cartographic 'terminus technicus'. It ranks among topic-based maps, and this could include maps of various social phenomena provided we sort maps according to their contents. The term historical map is also used in connection with historical atlases for schools and the public, and in connection with the popularisation of history. It has its own history reaching back to the 18th century when the first historical atlases were created. Reconstruction maps became an integral part of historical work and research in other related disciplines. What are their prospects? We can expect that in the process of creating reconstruction map, more and more scientific methods will be used. Besides, philosophical aspects of the relationship between people and landscape will be emphasized and we can expect ecological approach to be employed when dealing with issues from the late 20th century. It is beyond doubt that computer simulation and interactive, dynamic electronic maps will be increasingly used in the process of creating reconstruction maps. National as well as professional literature and cooperation with other fields of science provide inspiration for work with reconstruction maps.
4
Content available remote

Rekonstrukční mapy v Historickém atlasu měst České republiky

80%
Chodejovska E.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2007
|
vol. 34
216-220
EN
'The Historic Towns Atlas' has been published in the Czech Republic since 1995/1996. By 2007 seventeen volumes have been published. The atlases have included not only vedute, old postcards and photos, but also reconstruction maps from the very beginning. They show namely the development of housing in towns, fortification systems, the location of archaeological finds etc. Lots of attention is paid to administrative maps. At present maps are processed by means of modern computer methods, including digital models of landscape and negative plans. A significant portion of this paper is an index of reconstruction maps used in the Historic Towns Atlas, volumes 1-17.
5
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Hospodářské a lesnické mapy plzeňského panství ze sbírek Západočeského muzea v Plzni (konec 18. a 1. polovina 19. století)

80%
Mareckova J.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2007
|
vol. 34
401-428
EN
The paper deals with twenty-two economic and forest maps which were created for the Plzen branch. Using them we can get an idea about the Plzen demesne from the late 18th century till the mid-19th century; at that time no significant changes in land ownership of the town occurred. The set includes manuscript and coloured maps with German keys. Oftentimes they are in italics. We can distinguish two main topic-based groups. The first larger unit comprises maps created by the forester and the town surveyor Frantisek Emanuel Recht (MP 583/1-11 and probably MP 616) which were created during the 1820s. Their main purpose was to depict the ploughed territory, i.e. town plots adjoining private plots which were illegally used by owners of the private plots. This illegal occupation often applied to town forests the edges of which would be turned into fields or meadows. The second group comprises maps which were created while forester Frantisek Erazim Ullmann (MP 50, 52, 695, 857 and 865) was in office. They were created at the turn of the 19th century and were used in the process of forest systemization. Unlike Recht's maps, this group survived whole and shows all forests in the demesne. Other maps were used for example for planning of roads (MP 9, 59, 842) or were included in a larger map set (MP 138). Map MP 677 is an exception, since it is the only one which shows the whole Plzen demesne with all forests and villages as they appeared in 1842. The map set could become a very valuable source of information about the development of forest and agricultural units in Plzen demesne during the monitored period. We can find lots of village and place names some of which have been used till now. And last but not least, these maps can be used as an interesting insight into the property and legal relations at that time.
6
Content available remote

Katalog rekonstrukčních map jako součást projektu Atlasu českých dějin (úvodní informace)

80%
Simunek R.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2007
|
vol. 34
220-231
EN
The catalogue of reconstruction maps of Bohemian character is designed as a part of a project called 'The Atlas of Czech History' which is being worked on by the Historical Institute within the current research intention 'Czech Historical Space within the European Context. Diversity, Continuity, Integration'. In September 2006 it was suggested to prepare and publish this catalogue, either with an atlas or as an independent volume. The catalogue of reconstruction maps will not include all reconstruction maps from the atlases and will have annotations. The main criterion for including individual maps into the catalogue is their professional value (maps with obsolete contents and those surpassed by later research, derived maps, the ones taken over from other works or re-printed, often simplified, maps published just for information shall not be included in the catalogue). The excerption focused on the period after 1945, however, older maps, if still valuable, shall be registered as well. Map contents will be specified by explanatory comments. The catalogue (index) structure - which needs to be clear and user-friendly - will result from continuous confrontation between the primary rough concept, derived from the general concept of Czech history, and specific materials obtained from excerpts. From the technical point of view, there are two basic approaches available - a text and a database; the possibility of fulltext searching places a text file to the same level as a database from user's point of view, whereas the profit resulting from the possibility to ask more complicated 'multiple-level' questions (as we know them from library and bibliographical databases with dozens or hundreds of thousands of items) seems to be hardly apparent in the given situation. It is assumed that beside a printed issue (with a list of authors, geographical locations and possibly also subject matters), the text - or possibly the database if this form is selected - of the catalogue will also be published in the electronic version, either on the Internet or as a CD-ROM.
7
Content available remote

LEXICON OF MALOPOLSKA MOUNTAINOUS REGION WITH A SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF PODHALE IN STUDIES OF THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY

70%
Okoniowa J.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2008
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vol. 64
237-248
EN
The subject of the study is an overview of methods used in lexicographical and cartographical research referring to Podhale and adjacent areas. It is limited to signal only some of the issues ever present in dialectal lexicography and cartography. They are the terms specifying region boundaries; the range of geographical names and their counterparts in dialectological studies; geography of dialectal sources referring to the region of mountainous Malopolska, an outline of present European state (euroregions); dialectological trends and their representatives; issues referring to lexicography: differentiation, synchronic and diachronic analysis frame. Hitherto, the only relatively complete dictionary was the collection of Dembowski from the 19th century, which became one of the sources of Karlowicz dictionary and constitutes the basis and a point of reference of many following dictionaries. The achievements of linguistic geography integrated with interdisciplinary research should become a material for description and analysis.
8

SLOVAK KINSHIP TERMINOLOGY IN THE LIGHT OF CARTOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATION (Slovenska pribuzenska terminologia vo svetle kartografickeho badania)

70%
Benza M.
Slavica Slovaca
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2010
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vol. 45
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issue 2
129-135
EN
The paper summarises and at the same time compares the results of the three cartographical works - Atlas of Slovak Language, Ethnographical Atlas of Slovakia and Atlas of Traditional Culture of Slovak Minorities in Central and Southern Europe. The aim of the paper is to provide a spatial image of the occurrences of particular kinship terms, which are used in Slovakia, but also those terms that are used by Slovak minorities living in the countries of central and southern Europe.
9

REGIÓNY A REGIONALIZMUS V SLOVENSKEJ ETNOLÓGII DRUHEJ POLOVICE 20. STOROČIA

70%
Danglová O.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2011
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vol. 18
|
issue 1-2
15 – 23
EN
Monographic and cartographic methods of regionally oriented research studies belonged in Slovak ethnography and folkloristic to the most preferred and most frequently employed ones between the 1960s and 1980s. Their concepts were characterised by the prevailing orientation on rescue research into the relics of farmer ś culture defined spatially – from local communities at the lowest level up to the larger territorial units. Owing to their vicinity in space, they implied not only close relationship between them but even homogeneity of particular phenomena. Comparison and evaluation of these phenomena from a historical perspective became relevant components of the research. The impulse for conducting regionally oriented research was received from a strong regionalism in the Slovak rural areas, still perceptible in the second half of the 250the century and expressed by means of abundant regional and local forms materialised and visualised in housing, clothing, artistic expression, folklore and rituals.
10
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Franzikanerinnen im Stadtraum von Zamość im 17. Jhr., im Lichte der archäologisch-historisch-kartographischen

61%
Mazecki T., Woźniak M.
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
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2012
|
vol. 7
585-608
EN
Authors’aimin this article is an interdisciplinary approach to localizing the first residence of the Franciscan sisters in the 17th century in Zamość. This work is based on unpublished analysis of archaeological and supervisory research, historical monographs and cartographic sources. A review of other publications concerning the same issue however from a more general point of view gives a reason for further critical considerations regarding the matter of localizing the original Franciscan sisters in the area of Ordynacja Zamoyska – a capital city of that times. An archaeological method was compared to the cartographic sources what resulted in providing especially significant pieces of information. The above mentioned issue in the history of Zamość has never been considered as a distinct field of any study.
11
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

The Coloniality of Perception: the Other as a Cannibal

53%
Kubiaczyk F.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
|
2013
|
issue 7
7-31
PL
The article analyses the way in which Western ethnocentrism perceives the otherness revealed through the ‘discovery’ of the New World. One of the first neologisms to be coined by the expansion in the New Worldis the word “cannibal” which, as a cultural trope establishes the manner of understanding Others. Therefore, in the history of Latin American culture, cannibal should be rather associated with thinking and notions than with eating. The figure of the cannibal became one of the most obsessive and recurrent topes of Latin America, which dominated the colonial discourse about the Other. Although at the beginning of the conquest „cannibal” was employed with regard to the natives due to their barbarity, with the advance of colonisation the term began to denote Indians who resisted colonisation on the areas where workforce was in short supply. Thus the matter of cannibalism is less and less an issue related to the consumption of human flesh by Indians, and more and more a consumption of the workforce by the encomenderos.  The testimony of such Europeans as Hans Staden, André Thevet and Jean de Léry, who spend some time among the Brazilian Tupinamba Indians in the latter half of the 16th century, prove that the ways in which cannibalism was presented have little to do with pure ethnography, whereas the expansion of the European trade capitalism becomes the core context. The relations of those travellers make a distinction between tribes considered to be allies, whose anthropophagy is presented as ritual, and the hostile tribes from outside the trade, whose cannibalism is motivated by sheer pleasure of eating human flesh.   In the early 19th century, when the Latin American countries gained independence, the cannibal trope is still present in the reality of the continent, albeit in a mutated form. In the 20th century the cannibal trope is replaced by the metaphor of Kaliban, which symbolizes that which is Latin American.  
EN
The article analyses the way in which Western ethnocentrism perceives the otherness revealed through the ‘discovery’ of the New World. One of the first neologisms to be coined by the expansion in the New Worldis the word “cannibal” which, as a cultural trope establishes the manner of understanding Others. Therefore, in the history of Latin American culture, cannibal should be rather associated with thinking and notions than with eating. The figure of the cannibal became one of the most obsessive and recurrent topes of Latin America, which dominated the colonial discourse about the Other. Although at the beginning of the conquest „cannibal” was employed with regard to the natives due to their barbarity, with the advance of colonisation the term began to denote Indians who resisted colonisation on the areas where workforce was in short supply. Thus the matter of cannibalism is less and less an issue related to the consumption of human flesh by Indians, and more and more a consumption of the workforce by the encomenderos.  The testimony of such Europeans as Hans Staden, André Thevet and Jean de Léry, who spend some time among the Brazilian Tupinamba Indians in the latter half of the 16th century, prove that the ways in which cannibalism was presented have little to do with pure ethnography, whereas the expansion of the European trade capitalism becomes the core context. The relations of those travellers make a distinction between tribes considered to be allies, whose anthropophagy is presented as ritual, and the hostile tribes from outside the trade, whose cannibalism is motivated by sheer pleasure of eating human flesh.   In the early 19th century, when the Latin American countries gained independence, the cannibal trope is still present in the reality of the continent, albeit in a mutated form. In the 20th century the cannibal trope is replaced by the metaphor of Kaliban, which symbolizes that which is Latin American.
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