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Vybrané rysy spirituality české katolické církve (1948-1989)

100%
Hanus J.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2007
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vol. 14
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issue 2-3
341-353
EN
In this article the author seeks to explain some fundamental features of Roman Catholic spirituality in the Bohemian Lands after the Second World War. He demonstrates that this phenomenon was in essence both determined by the 'Roman Catholic Renaissance' of the 1930s and by new tendencies, particularly after the Communist takeover of February 1948. Among these tendencies was its enforced closed nature, fear of persecution, traditionalism, and conservatism, which were mainly the result of the limitations on being in touch with people abroad. On the whole, however, the author believes that Czech Roman Catholicism from the Communist takeover to the collapse of the regime in late 1989, despite all its problems, contributed to Czech culture, and he demonstrates this also in the reception of the Second Vatican Council in Bohemia and Moravia. The spirituality of women, both of nuns and of secular intellectuals, receives special praise in the article.
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DOSTOJEVSKIJ A SOLOVIOV: LEGENDA O VEĽKOM INKVIZÍTOROVI

100%
Sekerák L.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2017
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vol. 16
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issue 2
47 – 58
EN
This article deals with the relationship between Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky and Vladimir Sergeyevich Solovyov. At first, it focuses on historical and biographical facts about both Russians – one litterateur and the other theologian and philosopher. It refers to their mutual interchange of ideas and impact which they had on each other, especially in Dostoyevsky’s Legend of Grand Inquisitor, which was part of Dostoyevsky’s last novel The Brothers Karamazov. Then the article analyzes the legend in the context of Solovyov’s ideas presented in his Lectures on Godman-hood and shows a development of Solovyov’s view of the Catholic Church. This provides the background for explaining the Legend – it should not be understood as a critique of Catholicism but as a critique of the abuse of authority.
3
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SOME FACES OF THE INTERNET CATHOLIC RELIGIOUSNESS

100%
Kuzma I.
Etnografia Polska
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2005
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vol. 49
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issue 1-2
125-145
EN
The World Wide Web can be included to the subjects of interest for ethnology, not only as a phenomenon in itself which is worth studying, but also as the area where particular phenomena occur. The Internet offers a different way of pereceiving time and space, gives new quality to the concepts of community, group and communication. It also encourages consideration on status and role of an individual. Studies on Internet require re-considering some specific cultural manifestations: experience and emotions, including experiences of religious character. The author studies particular cultural phenomena as they are present in the Internet in the context of the ' Web culture'. These cultural phenomena belong to forms of contemporary Catholic religiousness. Internet brings about changes in perceiving the temporal-spatial sacred reality where revelations take place and visionaries and healers act. Internauts- the faithful and the pilgrims meet online, on the Web site of one of the centres of the Marian cult using a box of prayer intentions. The Internet favours autonomy, indepedence - individuality. Favourable conditions for them lie in the anonimity and the very act of written communication - communication of the exclusive kind (according to the concept used by the Polish folklorists Piotr Kowalski who has studied written votive offerings). Considering the contemporary online intention entries the author concludes that due to some new rhetorical and stylistic forms the statements can be defined as inclusive. The faithful are supposed to reveal, to expose their private, emotional life.This results in establishing a particular form of community - the community of emotion, whose point of reference is the reality of the sacred and Virgin Mary. The emotions ensure unity of religious experience, contributing to the power of interpersonal bonds. Though the community expresses itself in virtual reality, its model is the 'real' Church, i.e. community of the faithful. We can't say that the Web has started any revolution in the forms of religiousness, although it enables the repertoir of cultural means of expression to be richer and broader. Physical being has been replaced by a variety of graphic signs and by written text. Telling about oneself has replaced ritual gestures. Owing to its specific qualities the Web has simply shifted the emphasis put on particular elements.That is why it is more accurate to write about 'the Internet forms (faces) of Catholic religiousness' than to use the concept of 'Internet Catholic religiousenss'.
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Apokalyptismus v myšlení českého katolického exilu. Schwarzenberg - Chudoba - Preisner - Neuwirth

100%
Putna M. C.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2007
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vol. 14
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issue 2-3
379-398
EN
The topic of this article is 'apocalypticism', that is, a catastrophic vision of modern civilization with no prospect of a turnaround in one's inner world, as it appears in the works of four Czech Roman Catholic thinkers, who were emigres after the Communist takeover of 1948. While in his native land, the historian and columnist Karel Schwarzenberg (1911-1986) wrote in a starkly apocalyptic, anti-civilization spirit, in the tradition of Leon Bloy and Josef Florian. In exile, however, his apocalypticism became milder, and was projected more into his experience of the liturgy (the fleetingness of time). The apocalypticism of the historian, Christian sociologist, publicist, writer, and politician Bohdan Chudoba (1909-1982), and the Germanist, political philosopher, and translator Rio Preisner (1925-2007) was, by contrast, intensified while emigres. Independently of each other, they created great bodies of work (Preisner was published, but Chudoba's writing has remained largely in manuscript), in which they tried to present a total vision of history, which was, from their perspective, necessarily doomed. Similarly, they perceive the attempt to modernize the Church after the Second Vatican Council as part of this catastrophic process, because the Church, in their opinion, was conforming to negative tendencies in the world. The Germanist and theologian Vladimir Neuwirth (1921-1998) wrote 'Apokalypticky denik' (Apocalyptic Diary), which is not 'apocalyptic' in the usual sense of the word. Rather, it is 'consoling' - the apocalypse is an ever-present dimension of human existence and the world, and one must be able to live with it and accept it. It follows from the comparisons in this article that the apocalypticism of Schwarzenberg and Neuwirth, both of whom worked with Czech emigre clergymen and their associates who mostly agreed with the changes after the Second Vatican Council, tended to diminish, whereas Chudoba and Preisner, who parted on bad terms with those clergymen and their associates, became entrenched in their position as 'lone critics on the margin of a (rotten) Church'. It seems that work with Church institutions to some extent protected emigre writers from extreme apocalyptic tendencies. (The emigre novelist Jan Cep is a similar example.) According to the author, however, there is a fundamental difference between the two lone, 'real' apocalyptics: whereas Chudoba ended up in Spain in true isolation, without having any hope towards the end of his life that his ideas would find a wider audience, Preisner, in America, lived to see the day when a vision of the world very close to his own would move from the margins back to the forefront of public discourse in the opinions of the American Neo-Conservatives of the early twenty-first century.
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MADAME SWETCHINE AND HER FAITH (Zofia Swieczina i jej wiara)

100%
Drozdek A.
Roczniki Historii Kosciola (Annals of Church History)
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2011
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vol. 3(58)
39-57
EN
no English abstract submitted
6

NEPŘÍTEL DUŠE, BRATR OSLÍK, CHRÁM DUCHA SVATÉHO. K NĚKTERÝM ASPEKTŮM POJÍMÁNÍ TĚLA A TĚLESNOSTI V DĚJINÁCH ZÁPADNÍ CÍRKVE

88%
Petráček T.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2019
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vol. 18
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issue 1
5 – 19
EN
Christian anthropology is based on the fact that human body as created by God is good and thus human sexuality and the transmission of life can hardly be sinful in themselves. The body itself is intended for resurrection. Human person exists only as the unity of soul and body. Nevertheless, in the spirituality and preaching of the church, we often encounter distrust of and contempt for corporality, especially for human sexuality. The body is viewed as the prison of the soul. Disregard for sexuality and suppression of corporality will become a fundamental sign of a more sublime form of Christian life, and marriage is valued only as a cure for lust for those who are incapable of celibacy. In reality Christianity is primarily a religion of life, and both ancient and medieval Christianity show significant vitality. In modern history Catholicism is under the influence of pietism and puritanism. Sermons continue to express strong aversion to and distrust of human sexuality. At the turn of the 1950s, the complexity of human existence begins to reappear, and corporality starts to be regarded as something positive and valuable.
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“FOR GOD AND NATION”CATHOLICISM AND THE FAR-RIGHT IN THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN CONTEXT (1918–1945)

88%
Szabó M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 5
885 - 900
EN
The study deals with the somewhat controversial issue of the so-called “clerical fascism”. For this purpose, it summarizes the recent historic-graphical debates on totalitarianism, in particular on “political religions” or rather politicization of religions in the 20th century. The special emphasis is laid on individual clerics who sympathized and collaborated with fascist regimes in Nazi Germany and the Slovak state, respectively. In applying Roger Griffin’s and Thomas Forstner’s typology, two types of attitudes to fascism and National Socialism are discussed: loyalty and active collaboration.
8
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Spisovatelé a krize demokracie

88%
Med J.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 4
491-507
EN
'Democracy fatigue' in Europe, brought on particularly by the Great Depression, was to an unusually great extent projected into contemporaneous Czech literature. From the politic centre (for example, F. X. Salda and Karel Capek) through Communist radicalism (like S. K. Neumann, Bedrich Vaclavek, and J. L. Fischer) to conservative Roman Catholicism (for instance, Jaroslav Durych and Vaclav Renc) one encounters in literary journalism a number of reservations about liberal democracy and the search for starting points to move forward. The article analyzes the most important journalist contributions, including longer works (for example by J. L. Fischer, R. I. Maly), in which this topic is most evident. The diversity of opinions in this area also convincingly documents the socio-political and aesthetic polarization of Czech literature in the 1930s, which for all intents and purposes emerged only on the eve of the Munich Agreement in 1938.
9
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SROVNÁNÍ KATOLICKÝCH A EVANGELICKÝCH RUKOPISNÝCH MODLITEBNÍCH KNIH Z OBDOBÍ 18. – 1. POLOVINY 19. STOLETÍ

88%
Holešová A., Horáková L.
Konštantínove listy
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2020
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vol. 13
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issue 1
155 - 166
EN
The article focuses on handwritten prayer books, which represent a significant phenomenon in the context of religious reading in 1750 – 1850. The research is based on studies of twenty manuscripts of Czech and Moravian origin stored in museums and libraries. Attention is paid to a detailed analysis and a reciprocal comparison of handwritten Catholic and Protestant prayer books. It follows their physical form and examines the illustrations. It emphasises the content structure of books including the use of Biblical quotes. It introduces the way of creating texts and the relationship of manuscripts to their printed templates. It puts the topic in a socio-historical context. It also notes different roles of the handwritten prayer book in everyday life of the faithful of two confessions, as well as the indisputable importance in the Baroque folk piety.
10
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CÍRKEVNÍ A POLITICKÉ SOUVISLOSTI ŽIVOTA JOSEFA HLOUCHA

88%
Šebek J.
Studia theologica
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2013
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vol. 15
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issue 3
168–183
EN
This study deals with the life story of Bishop Joseph Hlouch in the context of the dramatic political, social and religious changes of the 20th century – during the interwar Czechoslovak Republic, in the post-war period and during the existence of the Communist regime from its takeover in 1948 to the period of “normalization” after the Warsaw Pact invasion.
11

POINTED ARCHES, PAPIST DANGER. THE ECHOES OF THE DEBATE ON THE CHURCH ARCHITECTURE IN THE VICTORIAN NOVEL (Ostre luki i zagrozenie papistowskie. Literackie reminiscencje dyskusji o architekturze kosciolow anglikanskich doby wiktorianskiej)

88%
Mazurek M.
Sacrum et Decorum. Materiały i studia z historii sztuki sakralnej
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2010
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vol. 3
115-126
EN
In English culture Gothic architecture enjoyed ambiguous reputation: on one hand, it was obviously connected with pre-Reformation times and therefore suspect. This reputation was strengthened by the Gothic novel which associated Gothic buildings with oppression and tyranny allegedly characteristic for Catholic countries. On the other hand, as a supposedly 'native' English style, in contrast to imported classicism, it was hailed as the true product of free English spirit. This dichotomy proved to be particularly interesting in the 19th century, the age of the Gothic Revival. As more and more Anglican churches were restored or built in the style propagated by A. W. Pugin and John Ruskin, the English public, in particular its Low Church faction, was ambivalent or even hostile towards the growing influence of the style associated with Roman Catholicism, the enemy of Protestant England. The article discusses the selected passages from Victorian novelists, both well-known (Bronte, Trollope, Borrow) and minor ones, which describe Gothic architecture and analyzes them in the context of this debate.
12

„KLÉROFAŠIZMUS“? KATOLICIZMUS A RADIKÁLNA PRAVICA V STREDOEURÓPSKOM KONTEXTE (1918 - 1945)

88%
Szabó M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 4
675 – 687
EN
The study deals with the somewhat controversial issue of the so-called “clerical fascism”. For this purpose, it summarizes the recent historiographical debates on totalitarianism, in particular on “political religions” or rather politicization of religions in the 20th century. The special emphasis is laid on individual clerics who sympathized and collaborated with fascist regimes in Nazi Germany and the Slovak state, respectively. In applying Roger Griffin’s and Thomas Forstner’s typology, two types of attitudes to fascism and National Socialism are discussed: loyalty and active collaboration.
13

ILUKSTE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE DUCHY OF COURLAND AND SEMIGALLIA: THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL HISTORY (Ilukstes katolu baznica Kurzemes-Zemgales hercogistes politiskas vestures konteksta)

75%
Ogle K.
Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei
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2006
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vol. 5
24-38
EN
In order to know and understand a particular work of art, it seems important not just to study close-ups but also to consider the monument in a wider context of cultural history. Especially in cases when visual information is restricted for a number of reasons, groups of secondary sources whose links with the concrete artwork seem provisional at first can provide invaluable references and explanations. IIukste Catholic Church is an excellent example of an unfairly forgotten, outstanding artistic monument that deserves to be brought to attention, standing out with its great significance in both local and global art-historical context. The building was destroyed during World War I; therefore the role of different sources, including those of political history, are very helpful in the study of this monument. Research has demonstrated that events of political and cultural life have been very closely intertwined in the history of this monument, both determining and commenting various processes. Firstly, one should note that appearance of a Roman Catholic centre of such a scale in the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia is a noteworthy event, resulting from political decisions. As is known, at first the Duchy of Courland was markedly Protestant in its orientation and the rights of Catholics and options to practice their rites were severely restricted. Significant changes were brought in legislation by the Courland regulations of 1617 that defended Catholics' freedom of faith. Although legalisation of Catholicism in Courland was a political decision and the Polish government had a major role in the process of re-catholisation, local landlords' initiatives were very important, supporting Catholic faith with their money and activities. Among these families one should mention the Schwerin family in Alsunga, the Carmel family in Skaistkalne and the Lieven family in Livberze. Usually Jesuit missionaries were involved as an auxiliary force in these efforts. The Sieberg family should be mentioned among the most important supporters of counterreformation in the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.
14

„SITUÁCIA EŠTE NIE JE KRITICKÁ...“ PROBLÉMY VLÁDNUTIA NA SLOVENSKU V KOREŠPONDENCII MEDZI MARKOVIČOM, BENEŠOM A ŠROBÁROM (FEBRUÁR – MÁJ 1919)

75%
Boisserie É.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 2
271 – 288
EN
The study analyses how the prevailing situation in Slovakia during the first months of 1919 was reported in part of the official or more informal correspondence between Ivan Markovič and Vavro Šrobár on the one hand and Edvard Beneš on the other. Some specific material problems occurred and the Czechoslovak authorities faced the reluctance of part of the civilian population. They also had to cope with the Italian military mission that was widely considered unreliable and Hungarian-leaning. The core of the correspondence is made up of considerations on the material and political uncertainties arising from the lasting shortages, the weakness of the nascent Czechoslovak apparatus and the latter’s difficulties stabilizing the situation in the whole region (and more specifically in some counties). As the weeks went by, the importance of a final decision regarding the borders with Hungary was firmly underlined, while the Slovak authorities were poorly informed on the overall diplomatic and political situation in Paris. Meanwhile, Slovak political Catholicism remained ambiguous and led agitation challenging and potentially weakening the Czechoslovak authorities. Markovič’s correspondence expresses the instability of the Czechoslovak authorities’ positions, shifting between partial improvements and lasting difficulties. At the end of April 1919, the overall situation remained precarious.
15
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Katolická církev v Československu 1945-1989

75%
Nespor Z. R.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2008
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vol. 106
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issue 4
859-868
EN
Almost two decades have passed since the fall of the Communist regime and the religious and ecclesiastical history of the Czech Lands in the second half of the 20th century have not yet been adequately documented. Thus, the author reviewing Balik and Hanus's synthesis 'Katolicka cirkev v Ceskoslovensku 1945-1989' (The Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia 1945-1989) considers its publication to represent an important milestone. When assessing this volume he emphasizes the juxtaposition of the historical and sociological ('mentalist') perspectives, as well as its contribution towards the formation of a Catholic identity in a free society, yet the shortcomings of the chosen approach and the fact that this might not be generally accepted are also acknowledged and outlined.
16

APOLOGIE KATOLICISMUS NA INDEXU ZAPOVĚZENÝCH KNIH. K NĚKTERÝM ASPEKTŮM SPORU OKOLO SPISU EVANGELIUM A CÍRKEV ALFREDA LOISYHO

75%
Petráček T.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
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2020
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vol. 19
|
issue 2
7 – 21
EN
In this study, the author deals with the thought of Alfred Loisy (1857–1940), especially the reasons for his disputes with the ecclesiastical authorities, that ended in his works being put on the Index and eventually in his excommunication. He examines his apologetic work The Gospel and the Church and the subsequent treatise Autour d´un petit livre not only in the context of the time, but also in terms of the further development of Catholic biblical science. In the main part of the study, the author analyses the strengths and difficulties of Loisy’s thought and the main reasons why his approaches, especially redaction criticism and form criticism, to the study of the New Testament and the beginnings of the Church were sharply rejected at his time by the ecclesiastical authorities.
17
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VYBRANÉ PRÍKLADY PROBLEMATICKÉHO PRIJÍMANIA NARIADENÍ UHORSKÝCH KATOLÍCKYCH SYNOD V 16. A 17. STOROČÍ V NÁBOŽENSKEJ PRAXI

75%
Jablonský D.
Konštantínove listy
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2017
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vol. 10
|
issue 1
222 - 232
EN
In the 16th century, there were many confessional and social changes, due to which the position of the Catholic Church seemed to have been shaken and lost many believers and priests. Being faced with the pressure of the spreading Protestant Reformation, Roman Catholicism was itself forced to agree to deeper reforms in its own ranks. This pressure led to attempts at reforming its structures, approach and direction so as to be able to adapt to the early modern conditions and to remain competitive with the new churches. The same regulations constantly reappearing over several decades, numerous cases and disputes, as well as the frequent admonitions from the archbishops and the Holy See, all of these testified to a more difficult and slower application of regulations and their adoption by believers and priets in practice. The Catholic Church had to rethink a number of questions concerning the faith, religious doctrine, teaching the believers and priests, sacraments, ceremonies, church services and especially the life and discipline of the clerics who had to be an example and moral support for secular representatives. Altough the changes were put into practice slowly, synods with their regulations were one of the most important methods or mechanisms of the early modern Catholic reform in Hungary.
18

Katolik i kultura. Perspektywa wyznaczona przez papieża Jana Pawła II

75%
Królikowski J.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
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2011
|
issue 1(4)
61-70
EN
The theme of culture and its connections with the faith and life of the Church is one of the grand themes that determine the content and context of the teaching of John Paul II and deeply mark his pontificate also from the point of view of particular initiatives and undertaken actions which set the specific tone for that very pontificate. The paper shows that contemporary culture lacks a measure of its own truth, lacks harmony, dignity and peace, lacks an interior norm that could constitute its structure and, as it were, become its stronghold. The paper very clearly confirms such diagnosis. By means of his in-depth and thorough understanding, Pope John Paul II recalled this diagnosis to the Church. Therefore, also the faithful were summoned to engage themselves and to participate comprehensively in culture.
19
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Religijność instytucjonalna jako czynnik adaptacji polskich imigrantów w Irlandii

75%
Lisak M.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2015
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vol. 41
|
issue 2 (156)
97–121
EN
A high level of adherence with Catholicism is one of the cultural similarities between the cohort of Polish immigrants living in Ireland and the rest of the Republic of Ireland’s population. Sharing the same religious beliefs seems to be a social bridge that accelerates mutual acceptance and adjustment at the time of massive migration. Therefore, the article aims to evaluate the integrative function of institutional religiousness. The fi ndings show that both the Polish immigrants and the natives tend to separate from one another instead of integrating, though. With regard to the bonding function of institutional religiousness, a high level of intercultural competence among religious leaders is required. It is evident, however, that neither the Irish Catholic church nor the chaplaincy for Polish immigrants have such skilful and integrative leaders.
20
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JAN NEPOMUK NEUMANN V ZRCADLE ČESKÉ BIOGRAFICKÉ PRODUKCE. ŘÍMSKOKATOLICKÁ RELIGIOZITA 19. STOLETÍ A VÝVOJ JEJÍ REFLEXE

75%
Putna M. C.
Studia theologica
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2010
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vol. 12
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issue 4
64-82
EN
The beatification process of John Nepomuk Neumann started already in the late 19the century. Today however his popularity in the Czech lands is still very low. The article offers an analysis of hagiographic and other biographic texts of Czech provenience. Firstly, of the texts about history of Czech settlement in the USA. Secondly, of the Czech hagiography, both the official and the published in samizdat or in exile only. Particular attention is paid to the attempt of Petr Piťha to create an “intellectual hagiography”. The apparent lack of individual and original traces in all the portraits of J. N. Neumann is a consequence of the hidden agenda of the Church policy in the late 19th century. Neumann was intended to be beatified as a model representative of the “Restoration”, anti-modern Catholicism of the 19th century, in the implicit polemics against the movement of “Americanism”, the American form of Catholic Modernism. However, Neumann appears to be popular in a different context: As a local saint patron in the region of his origins, while his double, Czech and German identity is emphasized.
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