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'BESEECH A GOOD DEATH...'. THE TRADITION OF FUNERAL SINGING IN THE VILNIUS REGION ('Upros smierc dobra..'. Spiewy pogrzebowe na Wilenszczyznie)

100%
Marszalik B.
Przegląd Muzykologiczny
|
2003
|
issue 3
109-141
EN
The authoress has carried out field research among Polish communities of Catholic denomination near Vilnius (Lithuania) in 1999-2001. Funeral singing is still a living tradition in this region. The singing is meant to help the soul of the dead attain eternal life and to console the family. The ceremony consists of three phases: night-singing in the house of the deceased, the procession to the cemetery and the accompanying burial, and the funeral dinner. All phases are assisted by a group of 4-15 female or male singers. Each group has either a female or, less frequently, a male leader, highly esteemed in the community, who shapes the repertoire and its succession. However, each funeral repertoire has an indispensable part and some additional songs. The basic part contains, among other songs, songs with the imagined last words of the deceased. The optional songs are performed for the moral inspiration of living witnesses. The funeral repertoire is based mostly on printed or written sources of Catholic or Protestant origin, but as a musical repertoire it functions orally, like folk songs. Funeral singing comprises melodic recitation, melodies based on psalmody, and strophic songs frequently based on modal scales. As a religious repertoire sung away from church, funeral songs can serve occasionally as magic formulas to prevent or bring about death. As prayers, the songs elevate the ceremony. They mediate between heaven and earth. The core of the funeral repertoire beseeches Jesus, His Mother and patron saints for the favour of a good death.
2

BRONISLAW PILSUDSKI - FROM THE MUSICAL NOTES OF THE SIBERIAN DEPORTEE (Bronislaw Pilsudski - z muzycznych zapisków zeslanca syberyjskiego)

100%
Kondracka K.
Przegląd Muzykologiczny
|
2011
|
issue 8
115-136
EN
The text aims to present musical descriptions drawn from the many accounts of Bronislaw Pilsudski (the brother of Marshal Józef Pilsudski), a Polish researcher who, as a deportee by the Russians, was studying the life and culture of the Ainu people - the ethnic minority who in the past lived in Sakhalin, in the region of Tohoku, in the Kuril Islands, and today are mostly living on Hokkaido Island. In the first part of the article the Pilsudski's life and his interest in ethnography is described, with a particular emphasis on his investigation of the Ainu people and his characterisation of them, in the light of his notes. In the second part of the text, based on reports by Pilsudski of the bear feast-day among the Ainu people, and musical descriptions, which he provided, he gives precious information about the function of music in the ceremonies of the Ainu, and these show Pilsudski's deep insight of into the life and culture of these people. The article is illustrated by some photographs taken in Sakhalin by Pilsudski himself.
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