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1

Prywatne szkoły elementarne na Ślasku Cieszyńskim pod koniec XIX i na początku XX w.

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Bogus M.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 1
53–74
EN
Although private schools constituted only about a dozen per cent of the overall educational institutions in the region, they nevertheless played an important role. They came to be due to various reasons, they differed in nature as well. Their nature depended on the body responsible for their creation, such as societies, religious communities (Catholic, Evangelical or Jewish) and workers’ associations (German, Czech or Polish). After 1869 regulations concerning the formation and operation of private schools were in place. They were required to adhere to the approved educational program, follow the established rules and guidelines, secure material resources and ensure that the competence of teachers was not substandard in comparison with public schools. These private schools did have a greater freedom when it came to the rules of employment, including the pay. This was not necessarily advantageous to those hired (due to lower pay and lack of benefits). This autonomy was particularly important for religious schools, in their idea of god-fearing, economical education, as well as for the schools created by associations, since it made it possible to influence the worldview of their pupils. The private schooling in Cieszyn Silesia should not be considered merely through the vantage point of the national struggle, which utilised educational institutions, as hitherto was the case in subject matter literature.
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Pierwsi donatorzy luterańskiej biblioteki kościelnej. Przyczynek do dziejów Biblioteki i Archiwum im. Bogumiła Rudolfa Tschammera w Cieszynie

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Gabryś M.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 1
9–21
EN
This article concerns the origins of the Lutheran Church Library, the current G.R. Tschammer Library and Archive of the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession Parish of Cieszyn. The beginnings of the largest Lutheran antique book repository in Poland, among the most interesting in Silesia, are tied directly with the 1709 consent for building an Evangelical church in the Cieszyn area after the time of Counter-Reformation. The author here presents the most recent developments in research into the beginnings of the Tschammer Library, which were made possible due to access to the parish archive, which allowed for detailed and extensive analysis. Hitherto all publications on the subject paid little attention to the origin of the book repository, due to lack of access to the archives, as well as the lack of detailed analysis of the provenance records in the antique books. The two sources allowed for the date of creation and development of the Church Library to be shifted by nearly forty years, as well as allowing a closer look at their first donors in the years 1710-1730.
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Wybory pastorów ewangelickich w drugiej połowie XIX w. w świetle prasy polskiej Śląska Cieszyńskiego

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Ławrusewicz I.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 1
23–38
EN
The purpose of this article is the analysis of newspaper reports on the subject of the elections of Evangelical pastors, in the Polish press of Cieszyn Silesia, in the latter part of the 19th century. The discussion on the issue starts with analysis of the imperial patent, statutes and legal regulations made by the cabinet, regarding the Protestants. The newspaper reports allowed for two very different interpretations of the election process. The analysis of the press shows that the members of the Evangelical community had legal and national difficulties when faced with the issue of choosing Church authorities. First category of problems stemmed from delays in elections related to the wait for a new act, or an insufficient number of parishioners with voting rights. The other issue was the result of the relation between nationality and religion, in the political context. Analysis of newspaper reports indicates that the form and the course of the election of Church authorities in Cieszyn Silesia in the latter part of the 19th century undoubtedly had an effect on the growth of national and social identity, mainly due to their democratic nature. The pastors clearly had an enormous effect on the worldview and behaviour of their spiritual wards. Due to those reasons the election of church authorities in the latter part of the 19th century was often influenced by emotions and national bias.
4

Jan Sztwiertnia (1850-1912). Działacz narodowy i społeczny ze Śląska Cieszyńskiego

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Morys-Twarowski M.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 1
39–51
EN
Jan Sztwiertnia (1850-1912) remains forgotten in the regional historiography. He descendent from a peasant family which lived in Cieszyn Silesia for generations. Was active both in the local community (32 years as mayor of Kisielowo) as well as in the affairs of the entire region. A member of the administration of the Silesian Catholic Association (ZŚK), School Society of the Cieszyn Duchy (Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego) and the Agricultural Association of the Cieszyn Duchy (Towarzystwo Rolnicze Księstwa Cieszyńskiego), also an associate of the Polish National Movement. Twice a candidate to the State Council in Vienna, in both cases running against the candidates from ZŚK. In 1901 lost in second round against the socialist Petr Cingr, who had the support of some of the Polish parties. In 1907 supported by „Silesia”, a newspaper of German liberals. Sztwiertnia then lost to priest Józef Londzin from ZŚK. His career demonstrates that although clearly supported by the Catholic wing of Polish national movement, at the turn of the century he was able to win the support which transcended national and religious boundaries in Cieszyn Silesia.
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Na pograniczu Śląska Cieszyńskiego i Galicji. Działalność ks. Stanisława Stojałowskiego w Białej i Bielsku w latach 1891-1911

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Polak J.
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 1
75–93
EN
Of the activities of priest Stanisław Stojałowski (1845-1911), an outstanding Polish national activist in the Austrian partition the period between 1891 and 1911 is the least well known. He spent that time in two neighbouring cities Biała (located in Galicia) and Bielsko in Cieszyn Silesia. He stimulated the awareness of being Polish in the nationally and socially ignorant workers and craftsmen of the area. He started his activities in Biała, in 1891, by creating workers associations, which were self-help, economical and unionising organisations. Later he subordinated them to the National-Christian Party (Stronnictwo Chrześcijańsko-Ludowe), which he created in 1896. In 1902 he extended his activities to Bielsko, wherein he started the Polish House (Dom Polski), in which the activities of Polish and Catholic organisations, including their educational and cultural activities concentrated. Since 1897 Stojałowski was a delegate to the Galician Sejm in Lemberg (Lviv), he became a member of the State Council in Vienna in 1902. His activities were opposed by the authorities of Bielsko and Biała. Said authorities wanted to thwart the development of Polish movements in both towns, the population of which was largely German. His activities were also opposed by social-democratic unions of both Austrian and Polish socialists, seeing as they competed with his associations for the political influence among the labourers of Bielsko and Biała. Said attacks deepened anti-German and anti-socialist sentiments of his opinions as well the content of his articles published in the weekly periodical „Wieniec – Pszczółka”.
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Losy chłopskiej rodziny Lipów ze Śląska Cieszyńskiego do 1918 roku i jej droga do polskiej narodowości

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Morys-Twarowski M.
Świat i Słowo
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2011
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vol. Świat i Słowo 2011, nr 1 (16)
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issue Świat i Słowo 2012 nr 2 (17)
117-130
EN
The Lipa family was a catholic peasant family from Cieszyn, Silesia. Its progenitor was Grzegorz Lipa (d. 1738), the owner of the land in Kalembice near Cieszyn. The later owners of this land were his son Jan (d. 1743/1745), his grandson Jakub (d. after 1771) and his great-grandson Adam (1767-1835), who was also a village leader (wójt) of Kalembice. Adam (1802-1882), the son of Adam, settled down in Bobrek. His sons, despite different lifestyles, identified themselves with Polish culture. Paweł (1846-1917) spent most of his life outside his country. He was a Major General in the Austro-Hungarian Army. However, he was not ashamed of his roots and spoke good Polish. After retirement he settled down in Cieszyn. Franciszek (1848-1936) lived in Bobrek near Cieszyn. He was a Polish social and national activist, and a member of Polish organisations: the Duchy of Cieszyn Motherland Schools (Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego) and the Union of Silesian Catholics (Związek Śląskich Katolików). By defending their language identities they became members of community whose history is connected not with the Duchy of Cieszyn but with neighbouring country, the Polish-Lithunian Commonwealth.
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Jedno czy dwa miasta? Polityczne i kulturalne aspekty współpracy Cieszyna [RP] i Českého Těšína [RC] w latach 1990–2010

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Pindór M.
Świat i Słowo
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 2(19)
27-44
EN
The paper discusses stimulating cooperation between Polish and Czech Cieszyn including bilateral government treaties, conventions restricting and abolishing the bordertrade barriers, local and regional agreements. Moreover, the paper describes the most important transborder programmes concerned with this cooperation and international documents, which are strategic in nature, as well as the accepted forms of this cooperation between the two local governments. In particular, some types of transborder activities are discussed in terms of the most popular actions developed at the beginning of 1990s and continued up till now. More or less popular animating projects are listed as they are linked with the organisation and promotion of cultural events and actions occurring at both sides of the border. Furthermore, the paper describes associations and institutions that initiate these events and are involved in the cooperation. The idea is to define goals of cultural events undertaken together, including, among others, rebuilding the cultural and social bonds of the city divided by the demarcation line, uniting people with the help of one esthetical experience and opposing negative national stereotypes. Polish and Czech Cieszyn is becoming one city and in fact bi-city to achieve these goals during the period of these culture events. Considering the geo-political aspect, these are two independent urban cities, which belong to different national structures, various legal and economical systems, have two different societies in terms of nationality, language and mentality.
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