Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 11

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  CLERGY
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

LAW AND CONVENTION VS. PERSONAL REFLECTION. A STUDY OF THE TESTAMENTS OF THE PLOCK DIOCESE CLERGY IN THE 17TH AND 18 C. (Miedzy prawem i konwencja a osobista refleksja. Ze studiów nad testamentami duchowienstwa diecezji plockiej w XVII i XVIII w.)

100%
Glówka D.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2010
|
vol. 58
|
issue 2
259-266
EN
The article is based on 250 testaments from the years 1628-1794, preserved in the Diocese Archive in Plock. This material allows the author to consider the issue of individual choices made by the individual in the act of making the last will. An individual attitude can be expected in decisions concerning the disposition of one's property and the organization of one's funeral; it can be asked, however, if it was also reflected in the testator's mentality, religiousness and worldview, which surfaced in testaments. Synod regulations influenced the contents of last wills, but it did not have an immediate impact on their structure and formulation. Those could have been inspired by the widely accepted convention of the last will, which did not differ much across various social groups. Although no ready form of a clergyman's testament was discovered, it cannot be excluded that such forms existed; perhaps they could be found in the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century ars moriendi guides. The layout of Plock clergy testaments is the same as that of laymen's last wills. It should be noted, however, that in modern times the testament was an evolving type of text, whose function and form changed. Before its typical structure was established, it had probably been much simpler. The invocations were short and the religious accents very limited. In the period of introducing the Trent regulations it was probably primarily an instrument of property disposition. It was only later that priests started to include in testaments their reflections on man's destiny and relation to God. Text conventions and the expression of personal reflections viewed as two partly conflicting aspects of the last will can be best traced in the invocations. The testaments of Plock clergymen reveal some motifs, known also among laymen, concerning the human condition, its sinfulness and dependence on God's will. There are numerous mentions of God's severe judgement, of Christ's sacrifice to cleanse human sins and of the intercession of the Holy Virgin and the saints. One of the most frequent testament conventions was to open the section on funeral instructions with a formula about committing one's body, as a mortal element, to the earthly order. It is worth considering by what criteria some formulations are judged as reflecting personal experiences and impressions, while others as based on stereotypical notions. Apart from the researcher's intuition there seem to be no objective ways of differentiating. When analyzing the role of legal norms, stylistic conventions, mentality and individual reflections in clergymen's testaments, one is reminded of a colourful patterned textile, whose complicated weave is hidden from the viewer. A clergyman's last will interweaves personal reflections with the sentences and phrases of religious treaties once read, of sermons once heard or delivered, of other people's testaments once read. Further research on the subject can be facilitated by a better insight into the notions, ideas, emotions and customs of the people of those times, as well as into their ways of expressing themselves in writing. Therefore, their cultural background should be studied more extensively, including for instance the popular religious texts which were intended to be read in private. Perhaps such studies will disclose their individual views to us. In the testaments analyzed for the purpose of the study the individual aspect was not always prominent. It was clear in the documents quoted in the article, but in many others it gave way to clichés. This probably resulted not from the limitations imposed by legal norms, but from the overwhelming literary and stylistic conventions. The author tries to draw the reader's attention to the beliefs, perceptions and feelings which transcended social status barriers and differences in circumstances. It may be supposed that the situations in which last wills were made, such as the testator's illness, exhaustion, fear of epidemics, wish to die a good death and fear of sin in the final moment, curbed his individuality, making him look for stereotypical formulas, which were safer due to being widely used or accepted by the Church.
2

Testamenty duchowieństwa diecezji wileńskiej w drugiej połowie XVI w. Prawo i praktyka

100%
Pawlikowska W.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2011
|
vol. 59
|
issue 3-4
394-407
EN
Over 40 years ago Jerzy Ochmański stated that the cathedral chapter in Vilnius gathered the intellectual élite of Lithuania. In the mid-16th c. this group comprised 75 high-status clergymen (prelates and canons), 73 of them being lay clergymen and two – friars of the Dominican Order. Lay clergymen were able to bequeath their property, unlike friars, who were deprived of private property by the vow of poverty. Therefore, testaments of friars are rarities. Based on testaments, prosecutor accounts, shorthand notes from chapter meetings and the statute of the chapter, the article reconstructs the way of executing testaments. One of the decrees of the Vilnius chapter statute stated what should be done with the movable property of a canon or prelate if he did not leave a testament. Another decree granted the right to draw up a testament to each canon and prelate. Information on inheritance proceedings and on ways of sharing out the movable property can be found in accounts of chapter meetings. Records included in the accounts differ in length, frequency and the level of detail depending on the time they come from (from laconic mentions at the beginning of the period in question to more detailed descriptions at the end of the 16th c.), on who was in charge of the documents at that time, and possibly on what difficulties were encountered by the executors. Additional information can be drawn from the surviving yearly accounts of the chapter prosecutors from the last quarter of the 16th c. In several cases the originals or vidimuses have survived, therefore it was possible to compare testament instructions with their execution. In inheritance proceedings concerning the property of its member the chapter as a body strove to obey the statute both when the late clergyman drew up a last will and when he died not having shared out his properties. Nevertheless, it sometimes happened that particular members committed misappropriations or embezzlements. Other members reacted to such cases immediately; first of all they tried to recover the money and movables lost. The article aims to describe how the movables and money left by members of the Vilnius chapter were dispensed by the other members or testament executors. The data collected in the article can also provide a basis for further conclusions, for instance about clergymen’s mentality and personal relations; they also shed some light on the doings of the intellectual élite of Lithuania.
3
Content available remote

Vliv laiků v církvi v 11. století

88%
Matějek M.
Studia theologica
|
2008
|
vol. 10
|
issue 3
1-18
EN
The Gregorian Reform marked a significant turnover of the hitherto common order and the religious forms. The change evoked by this reform cannot be regarded as revolutionary, it is rather a continuous transition process. The period of investiture controversy was more than an era of conflicts between ecclesiastical and secular rulers, but of efforts to eliminate the principal deficiencies afflicting the Church. Based on an analysis of information sources in the 2nd half of the 11th century, an appeal for return to the original conditions of the Church on the territory of the Italian Peninsula not only among the clergymen but also among the laymen became apparent. In particular, the condemnation of simony had a vital impact. Radical changes in the understanding of sovereign power and the challenge to the secular world, which controlled ecclesiastical appointments, did not go unnoticed.
4
Content available remote

PRAXE KONGREGACE PRO KLÉRUS OHLEDNĚ POZBYTÍ DUCHOVNÍHO STAVU

75%
Poljakov D.
Studia theologica
|
2012
|
vol. 14
|
issue 3
178–206
EN
The article introduces the practice of the Congregation for Clergy regarding the loss of the clerical state. After an initial presentation of the structure of the dicastery, it briefly summarizes the documents required for issue of singular types of matters. It provides the greatest attention to the application of special faculties granted to the dicastery in 2009 by the description of stages of the proceeding – the diocesan and the apostolic one, illustrating the descriptions with statistical data.
5
Content available remote

PROPUŠTĚNÍ Z DUCHOVNÍHO STAVU PODLE NEJNOVĚJŠÍCH PŘEDPISŮ KATOLICKÉ CÍRKVE – LEGISLATIVA A PRAXE

75%
Němec D.
Studia theologica
|
2012
|
vol. 14
|
issue 3
79–90
EN
The article provides an analysis of the existing possibilities of application of the penalty of dismissal from the clerical state according the normative of the Latin Code of the Canon Law of 1983. After a short presentation of the concept of the clerical state itself and of the modes of its loss it describes accurately the position of this penalty in the system of Church penalties. It offers through an analysis of the substantial and procedural normative of the Code of Canon Law and the Code of the Eastern Churches, the ordinary means of application of this penalty and the difficulties connected with it as well. Furthermore, it makes mention of the practical pitfalls of the application through ordinary means, following with an extremely strong emphasis on the defense of the accused, for an appropriate defense of the victims of the crimes, for debarring of scandal, for ensurance and enhancement of ecclesiastical discipline and for protection of the dignity of the sacramental ministry itself as well. In conclusion, it points out the urgent necessity for legislative emendations of legislative outside of the codes of Canon law, as well as for revision of the legislative of the Latin code itself.
6

NIEKOĽKO ÚVAH O VZDELANÍ V PROSTREDÍ SPIŠSKEJ KAPITULY V STREDOVEKU

75%
Labanc P.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
|
2017
|
vol. 21
|
issue 1
5 – 16
EN
History of the education is not frequented topic in the Slovak historiography. On prosopography of the medieval chapters, we can say the same words. On example of the Spiš Chapter, article shows research possibilities of the intersection of the both themes. The Chapter as a place of education is analysed in the first part of the article. Because of lacking straight mentions in original sources on it, our conclusions stay on secondary evidences. Canons as learned persons are aim of the second part of the paper. Many questions are connected with this point of view: canons as educational elite of the medieval society, possibilities of higher education (studium generale), position in chapter (dignity or office) as a determination of the further education, etc. Following research should bring thorough prosopography of the medieval Spiš Chapter. It will be the solid basis for strong analysis of the educated elites of the medieval Hungarian kingdom.
7
Content available remote

PROCEDURA PROPUŠTĚNÍ Z DUCHOVNÍHO STAVU PODLE NEJNOVĚJŠÍCH PŘEDPISŮ APOŠTOLSKÉHO STOLCE

63%
Stoklosa M.
Studia theologica
|
2012
|
vol. 14
|
issue 3
138–155
EN
The article acquaints readers with the latest changes in legislation of the Catholic Church in the penal law. It describes the procedure of dismissal from the clerical state according to the Normae de gravioribus delictis and the current practice of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and the prescription of such offenses as well. The paper also provides an analysis of the procedure of dismissal from the clerical state on the basis of three special faculties granted by the Pope to the Congregation for the Clergy in 2009. These faculties are presented as a response of the Holy See to specific experiences of the Church and the difficulties in the application of ordinary ways of dismissal from the clerical state in an effort to protect in a better manner both the good of the Church as a whole, as well as the good of the individual cleric according to the rule salus animarum suprema lex. The extraordinary nature of these faculties should be recalled, as their use is only possible when a solution it is not possible using ordinary ways and their application is strictly centralized.
8
Content available remote

DISPENS OD CELIBÁTU

63%
Menke M.
Studia theologica
|
2012
|
vol. 14
|
issue 3
91–101
EN
The article introduces the canonical procedure connected with requesting a dispensation of celibacy in the proper way. After an initial definition of the terminology (clergy, celibacy, dispensation) it briefly summarizes the development of legal norms from the Code of Canon Law from 1917 to the present times. Furthermore, it analyzes in detail the procedure for the request for a dispensation which must be asked separately in cases of requests for release from the spiritual status of the cleric (laicization) both priests and deacons. The article goes on to list the documents which are required for completion by the Ordinary within the instructional procedures before their being sent to the Congregation for the Clergy. Since this issue is not contained in the Codes, it primarily continues with an analysis of extra-canon-Code norms. In conclusion, the difficulties connected with the dispensation procedure are enumerated.
9
Content available remote

Místo teologicky vzdělaných křesťanů-laiků v pastoraci

63%
Kaplánek M.
Studia theologica
|
2007
|
vol. 9
|
issue 4
41-50
EN
The reflection on the present position of Christians not carrying out any ministerial office is based on an analysis of the historical development of the relationship between clergy and laity. Besides a brief historical overview, the paper includes critical reflection on this issue in the context of the 20th century Roman-Catholic Church. Special attention is given to the role of Catholics who have received an academic education in theology and do not belong to the clergy, yet participate in the Church's life.
10

POLITICKÝ VÝZNAM PÔSOBENIA MISIE KONŠTANTÍNA A METODA NA ÚZEMÍ SLOVENOV - DO ROKU 868

63%
Čáky M.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
|
2012
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1
149 - 166
EN
The study examines the political context of the presence of the Thessalonian brothers Constantine and Methodius in our territory prior to 868. Although outwardly the purpose of their mission was christianization and education, its actual nature was political. The educational, cultural and spiritual aspects of Constantine and Methodius’s activity merely reflected the political bottom line. Their political efforts resulted not only in the creation of the first Slavic writing system and in the translations of parts of the Bible into Old Church Slavonic, but also in the establishment of the first nationwide Slavic educational institution and the first written language, literature and culture of the Slavs. The political role of the Thessalonian brothers strengthened the sovereignty of Great Moravia’s statehood and laid the foundations of the Cyril and Methodius tradition, which has been an integral part of the national history of the Slovaks and Slovak statehood.
11
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Nadzór państwa nad punktami katechetycznymi na przykładzie działań administracji w Zielonej Górze wobec Kościoła gorzowskiego

45%
Mazurkiewicz D.
Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego
|
2011
|
vol. 14
111-139
PL
Bezpośrednio po zakończeniu II wojny światowej władze komunistyczne przystąpiły do ograniczania wpływu Kościoła na środowisko szkolne. Pomimo zobowiązania do nieutrudniania nauczania religii w szkołach, podjętego w „Porozumieniu” z 1950 r., przystąpiły do zmniejszania godzin lekcji religii i usuwania katechetów. W związku z tym, już w roku szkolnym 1952/1953, Kościół przystąpił do organizowania punktów katechetycznych. Chwilowa zmiana nastąpiła na fali „odwilży” w roku 1956, kiedy to szkoły stały się na nowo miejscem nauczania religii. Stan ten trwał jednak tylko do roku 1961, bowiem wtedy wraz z ustawą z dnia 15 lipca ostatecznie usunięto katechezę ze szkoły, a wszelką działalność oświatowo – wychowawczą poddano nadzorowi Ministerstwa Oświaty. Na jej podstawie wydane zostało zarządzenie w sprawie prowadzenia punktów katechetycznych i instrukcja w sprawie ich rejestracji. Stały się one podstawą do uzurpowania sobie przez władze komunistyczne prawa do wizytowania i kontrolowania zajęć prowadzonych w punktach katechetycznych. W parafiach Kościoła gorzowskiego znajdujących się na terenie województwa zielonogórskiego władze wyznaniowe i oświatowe próbowały zmusić księży do podporządkowania się wydanym przepisom, jednak zdecydowana postawa Kurii gorzowskiej powodowała, że jedynie nieliczni księża rejestrowali punkty katechetyczny i pobierali wynagrodzenie za nauczanie religii. Również niewielu księży godziło się na wizytowanie lekcji religii odbywających się w pomieszczeniach kościelnych i składanie sprawozdań z nauczania. Widząc nieskuteczność zarówno działań administracyjnych, jak i bezprawnych nacisków polegających na zastraszaniu, szantażowaniu i karaniu księży nauczających w punktach katechetycznych, w połowie lat 70-tych władze państwowe praktycznie zrezygnowały z nadzoru nad punktami katechetycznymi, a w październiku 1981 r. uchyliły krzywdzące Kościół przepisy uznając przy tym, że katecheza parafialna jest wewnętrzną sprawą kościołów i związków wyznaniowych.
EN
Immediately after World War 2, the communist authorities began to curb the Church's influence on the educational environment. Despite the commitment not to obstruct religious education in schools, undertaken in the Church-State Agreement of 1950, the authorities decided to reduce the number of religion classes and expel the instructors. In response, already in the school year 1952/1953, the Church initiated the establishment of religious instruction centres. A temporary change occurred during the political 'thaw' in 1956, when religion was re-established as a school subject. This condition, however, lasted no longer than until 1961; according to the newly enacted law of 15 July 1961, religious instruction was ultimately removed from educational establishments, and the supervision over the entire educational activity was to be exercised by the Ministry of Education. The provisions of the new law provided for the management of religious instruction centres and instructed on their official registration. Consequently, the communist authorities were vested with special powers to visit and monitor the activities of such centres. In the parishes of the Gorzow Church located in the Zielona Gora region, the authorities responsible for handling denominational and educational affairs tried to make priests comply with the regulations, but the unyielding stance of the Gorzow Curia resulted in merely few priests registering their religious instruction classes and accepted remuneration for the teaching. Also, few priests consented to the authorities visiting religion classes held in the church premises and reporting on the instruction. Confronted with the ineffectiveness of both administrative action and unlawful pressure involving intimidation, blackmailing and punishing the priests conducting religion classes in the centres, in the mid-1970s, the authorities practically abandoned the control of such establishments, and in October 1981 repealed the unfair regulations recognizing that any religious instruction in parishes is an internal matter of churches and religious associations.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.