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Vojenská história
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2017
|
vol. 21
|
issue 1
85 - 91
EN
The author deals with the general situation on the frontline in the autumn of 1917, when the Italian troops retreated behind the Piava River after the defeat at Kobarida. In the spring of 1918, the Austro-Hungarian key command of the Army started preparing the new offensive, starting from 15 June 1918. Within the 14th infantry division, the operation was also attended by the 71st infantry regiment, where a lot of Slovaks were fighting. Its activity was captured in the war journal deposited in the Military Archive in Vienna. The published part of the journal is delimited by the dates of 15 June to 22 June 1918, when the Austro-Hungarian units retreated after the failure of the offensive.
Vojenská história
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2020
|
vol. 24
|
issue 1
52 - 87
EN
In the Slovak military historiography focusing on the years from 1914 to 1918, we can only find a few papers dealing with the specifically oriented research focusing on the participation of men of the Austro-Hungarian Army from a particular municipality in the territory of contemporary Slovakia and the military operations in the particular locality. On the example of the municipality of Ruská Kajňa in the today’s district of Humenné, this study monitors the participation of men from this municipality on the battlefields of the World War, analyses the combat activity of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian Army at the turn of 1914 and 1915 and also offers a brief view of the demographic development of the municipality until the end of the World War, surely influencing the development of Ruská Kajňa in Czechoslovakia after 1918. In spite of the fact that Ruská Kajňa was not a significant economic, military, cultural-social, political or religious centre of the river Oľka valley in the Zemplín County, it was in this municipality’s surrounding where the strategic combat operations regarding an important crossroad in the direction of Medzilaborce and Stropkov took place, with the local residents having to suffer all the oppressions of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian Army in their homes directly. After the frontline moved off back behind the Carpathian Passes, it was necessary to reconstruct the damaged homes and farm buildings, which was very challenging since the men from Ruská Kajňa were recruited to the Austro-Hungarian Army, fulfilling their military duty on the Eastern and Italian front.
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