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“The past industry”: selected aspects of the commercialisation of the past and products of archaeological knowledge in contemporary Poland

100%
Pawleta M.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2011
|
vol. 63
9-54
EN
This paper focuses on the issue of the commercialisation of knowledge of the past and analyses the forms in which it functions, is disseminated and popularised in contemporary society by professional archaeologists as well as amateurs. The subject will be examined from the perspective of processes connected to the current dominant consumptive trends and the so-called 'commodification' of the past, dictated by, among others, the demands of a free market economy as well as wider socio-cultural changes. The result is the transformation of elements of archaeological heritage and knowledge of the past into a commercial product for which a demand in society exists. This paper deals with the following concerns: material reconstructions of the past; historical reenactment; archaeological festivals and other casual adaptations of the past which have purely commercial aims. Whilst by no means claiming to be exhaustive, the aim of this paper is a critical analysis of the phenomena discussed from the angle of the conditions, possibilities and threats they generate, and to indicate that the archaeological milieu must take them into consideration.
2
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Tkaniny pagne jako kulturowe dziedzictwo mieszkancow Togo

86%
Pawlik J. J.
Lud
|
2011
|
vol. 95
159-175
EN
The paper discusses the role of print cloth in the life of West Africans, especially in Lomé, the capital of Togo. First, it describes the Asian and European origins of print cloth and its expansion in West Africa. While the technical production is European in origin, the symbols and ornaments are entirely African. This kind of cloth is of major importance for social life in Togo and it is highly valued. Every pattern has its name, which gives the cloth a symbolic significance. The colour of print cloth is sometimes prescribed for certain ritual and social occasions. The second part of the paper concerns the group of textile tradeswomen, called „Nana-Benz” in Lomé. Up to the 1980s they controlled the whole trade of wax prints from Europe. The last part presents the use of textile prints in fashion.
3

Czech Local Press Content: When More is Actually Less

86%
Waschková Císařová L.
Communication Today
|
2016
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1
104–117
EN
The development of Czech media during the last 25 years has been influenced by commercialisation, which has characterised its transformation from that of a communist regime to its current globalised context. The commercialisation of local media has manifested itself through the notable erosion of its particular local characteristics (delocalization). The main aim of the article is to find the answer to the question of how has the content of the particular local press changed in terms of localization or delocalization due to the commercialisation development trends. This text uses a case study approach (content analysis and in-depth interviews) to analyse the Vltava-Labe-Press (VLP) publishing house that largely dominates the Czech local press market. In the first phase I conducted a series of semi-structured in-depth interviews with editors-in-chief in the VLP’s newsrooms and managers in the VLP publishing house. This was followed by a quantitative content analysis of two newspapers between 1989 and 2009 focused on changes in editorial content and changes in the formal presentation of content. The main question of the case study is, how did the local press content published by Vltava-Labe-Press change between 1989 and 2009 in terms of localization and delocalization. The premise was that commercialisation leads to delocalization, diminishing local character and production of the content, and hence between 1989 and 2009 the share of converged and centrally produced contents increased in selected Czech local dailies. The analysis demonstrates an inverse relationship between management localization efforts and the manifestation of local content in the press. Consequently, the delocalized character of the Czech local press is likely to have an adverse effect on the democratic and political empowerment of local communities.
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