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Endogenní rozvojové potenciály malých venkovských obcí – obtížné hledání a měření jejich vlivu

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Bernard J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

2011

vol. 47

issue 4

745-776

This article contributes to the discussion of the possibilities and limits of endogenous developmental potential in small rural communities in the Czech Republic. The article summarises some of the theoretical assumptions of developmental analyses of small rural communities, its development factors, and the current focus of contemporary Czech research. For many rural inhabitants their local community is the main space of everyday activity, and the development, stagnation, or decline of the community’s functions or changes in its socioeconomic and cultural characteristics significantly impact the inhabitants’ quality of life. However, searching for relevant developmental potential and, in particular, measuring the impact of such potential are complicated tasks because there is a lack of data for firm comparative analyses. This article aims to explore the internal structure of developmental potential and statistically measure its impact. Therefore, the author presents a model of local development consisting of structural and locality-based factors, endogenous developmental potential, and developmental indicators. The model is tested on a set of statistical data for individual small rural communities in the Czech Republic using factor analysis and multilevel modelling, where the regional data are used as independent variables on the second level. The empirical results confirm that it is possible to defi ne several distinct types of endogenous developmental potential and to identify their impact on development, which is rather weak. The relatively high intra-class correlation coefficients of some community characteristics indicate the existence of specific regional patterns of community capacity and development in small rural communities in the Czech Republic.

KOMUNITNÝ ROZVOJ NA SÍDLISKÁCH

100%

Janto J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

2016

vol. 23

issue 1

7 – 22

The study deals with community development as one of the possible approaches to the application of anthropological knowledge in practice. In the introduction, the author characterizes the development and its connection with the quality of life, which is part of the broader cultural and social context. For the theoretical understanding of this fact the concept of social (and cultural) capital of locality, based on the quality of human relationship as the premise for the regeneration and development of towns or villages is helpful. Practical application then offers the model of community development, based on the most important resource – residents themselves. This approach can be implemented in a variety of environments; one of them is a housing estate as the specific urban area. The author reflects his several years of experience in the NGO Centre for community organizing (development) in a position of community worker on the largest Slovak housing estate - Petržalka. The NGO was trying to build active citizen groups by community organizing in the first. This model is based on the strengthening of the residents, on pressure and conflict between stakeholders. After review of this approach (divided) NGO has passed to the cooperation model based primarily on collaboration and building partnerships – community development. The author offers a few examples of both approaches, and highlights the dilemmas which he met in the work. He concludes with potential contribution of graduates of Ethnology to this area.

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1 Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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Endogenní rozvojové potenciály malých venkovských obcí – obtížné hledání a měření jejich vlivu

KOMUNITNÝ ROZVOJ NA SÍDLISKÁCH