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HEALING WITH CHARMS AMONG THE POLES IN MISIONES, ARGENTINA (Leczenie zamawianiem wsród Polaków z Misiones w Argentynie)

100%
Kujawska M.
Lud
|
2008
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vol. 92
65-86
EN
This paper presents the ethnographic field data analysis concerning faith healing among Polish immigrants and their descendants. The research was carried out among the inhabitants of two settlements, located in the proximity of the triple frontier of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay in the province of Misiones, Argentina. The ailments described here are the so called 'folk illnesses': 'evil eye', empacho, rendidura and kamburu-yeré, of which only the fi rst one had been known to Polish immigrants from the native country. They familiarised themselves with the other illnesses during the prolonged coexistence and the cultural exchange with other ethnic and national groups, mainly with the Paraguayan Mestizos. Among the informants, fourteen persons cure one or more folk illnesses with charms. Most of the informants, however, confine this activity to the household and only three persons dedicate themselves to the local community. This paper attempts to provide some explanations for this matter.
2

BIG SUPPLA: CHALLENGING THE COMMON VIEW OF THE SUPPLEMENTS AND HERBS INDUSTRY AFFECTS THE WILLINGNESS TO TRY AND RECOMMEND THEIR PRODUCTS

88%
Mijatović N., Šlijivić J., Tošić N., Conić L., Petrivić M., Žeželj I.
Studia Psychologica
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2022
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vol. 64
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issue 1
91 – 103
EN
Resorting to complementary/alternative medical (CAM) therapies can lead to bad health outcomes or interfere with officially recommended therapies. CAM use is, nevertheless, widespread and growing. This could be partially due to the perception of the CAM industry as powerless and non-profit oriented, in contrast to the pharmaceutical industry (“Big Pharma”). In reality, both industries are highly profitable and powerful; to highlight this similarity, science communicators coined the term “Big Suppla”. Drawing from a sample of 242 participants upon all exclusions, we experimentally tested whether varying these attributes in presenting the industries impacts consumers’ evaluation of the two categories of products (herbs and supplements) and their willingness to try and recommend them. We also tested whether the effect is moderated by conspiratorial thinking, and whether it is due to a change in trust. All hypotheses were pre-registered. As expected, participants who read the Big Suppla vignette decreased the endorsement of both supplements and herbs, whilst, against our hypotheses, there were no significant changes in endorsement in the contrasting “Baby Suppla” group. Conspiratorial thinking was related to more endorsement of CAM, but it did not moderate the experimental effects. We also did not observe the expected mediation by trust. Our most robust results corroborate the idea that challenging the myth of benevolence of the CAM industry makes people more critical in evaluating its products or considering their usage. They support the intuitions of science communicators who coined the term Big Suppla, and can help in tailoring public health messages.
3
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NEW AGE IDEAS IN THE CREATION OF THE IMAGE OF A HEALER IN RUSSIA. THE CASE OF ANASTASIA FROM ALTAI KRAI (Idee New Age w kreowaniu wizerunku uzdrowiciela w Rosji. Na przykladzie Anastazji z Altajskiego Kraju)

75%
Mrozowicka A.
Lud
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2009
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vol. 93
117-140
EN
The article presents the techniques of self promotion used by healers in contemporary Russia, notably a healer Anastasia of Barnaul in Altai Krai. The authoress analyses the cultural context of this phenomenon, and particularly the messages used by healers in creating their image. These include mainly the popular New Age ideas spread by popular culture (related to unconventional medicine, ufology, cosmism, astrology, religious syncretism) and references to the Russian Messianic tradition. The terminology used by complementary medicine has its roots in occultist and parascientific nomenclature as well as in speculations about potential 'energy information fields' connected with the space research. Besides, the article also discusses the medical and legal context of the phenomenon under study, i.e. how healers are licensed by state authorities, and the relationship between representatives of official medicine and complementary medicine. A commercial aspect of the activity of healers in Russian has also been presented.
4
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KOMPLEMENTÁRNA A ALTERNATÍVNA MEDICÍNA NA SLOVENSKU Z POHĽADU SOCIÁLNYCH VIED

75%
Souček I., Hofreiter R.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2017
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vol. 49
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issue 4
427 – 450
EN
Since the early 90´s in the sociology of medicine and even in medical anthropology we have observed a growing number of publications dealing with the complementary alternative medicine (CAM). The article´s first and second sections are reviewing the terminology related to the selected field of research and analysis the acceptance of CAM. The analysis of sociological surveys related to CAM in Slovakia is presented in the next part of article. The authors are using regression analysis to describe main supporting factors which are explaining support for CAM. Moreover, the authors focus on the role of homeopathy in contemporary Slovakian society and analyse legitimizing efforts of this alternative medical system. On the selected cases, the article shows how the homeopathy in Slovakia is dealing with biomedical monopoly on medical care and limited access to economic and social resources. Finally, the article points out that more research will need to be done that we can deeply understand all relevant aspects of CAM in Slovakia.
5
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ON GLOBALISATION AND GLOCALISATION OF BIOMEDICINE - THE EXAMPLE OF KAZAKHSTAN (O globalizacji i glokalizacji biomedycyny - na przykladzie Kazachstanu)

75%
Penkala-Gawecka D.
Lud
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2010
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vol. 94
107-120
EN
The article deals with the processes of globalisation and glocalisation, i.e. adaptation of global ideas and emergence of their local forms, with reference to biomedicine in Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan. The author analyses the problems of penetration and adaptation of Western medicine in Central Asia from the historical perspective, using written sources. While presenting contemporary glocalisation of biomedicine, she relates to her long time field research conducted in Kazakhstan in the second part of the 1990s. The expansion of Western medicine in Central Asia is connected with the conquest of these lands by Tsarist Russia. This period was characterised by the lack of a clear border between biomedicine and traditional medicine - the former adapted to a large extent to the local conditions. It was not a strong rival to the traditional forms of healing, which still satisfied most of the health needs of the population. On the other hand in the first period of Soviet rule very strong propaganda was directed against traditional medicine as based on superstitions, reactionary, and opposing progress. Nevertheless, biomedicine adapted to the local socio-cultural conditions, also in the Soviet period. The trends to bring together biomedicine and different unconventional therapies intensified particularly when Kazakhstan and other states in the region gained their independence after the fall of the Soviet Union. Some unconventional methods were incorporated into biomedicine (e.g. acupuncture or manual therapies), others, especially those originating from Kazakh folk medicine, were recognised and recommended by the state as good supplement to biomedicine. The author analyses these processes, drawing attention to the close relation between the growing importance of complementary medicine and the political and socio-cultural situation of that period.
6

CYBERCHONDRIA AND QUESTIONABLE HEALTH PRACTICES: THE MEDIATION ROLE OF CONSPIRACY MENTALITY

75%
Vujić A., Dinić B., Jokić-Begić N.
Studia Psychologica
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2022
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vol. 64
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issue 1
104 – 117
EN
Cyberchondria is a pattern of repetitive search for health information online, which has adverse psychological consequences in spite of its intention to relieve anxiety. This phenomenon is particularly relevant in the current pandemic accompanied by increased levels of uncertainty and fear, which can lead to increased volume of health information search on the internet, as well as cyberchondria. The first objective of this study was to test the factor structure, reliability, and convergent validity of Serbian adaptations of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS-12) and the Short Cyberchondria Scale (SCS). The second aim was to test the direct effects of cyberchondria on pseudoscientific practices (PSP) and the use of complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) as well as its indirect effects through conspiracy mentality (CMQ). The sample included 511 participants (73.6% women) from Serbia, from the general population. The results support the adequate alpha reliabilities and four-factor structure of CSS-12 and the single-factor structure of SCS, as well as their positive correlations with health anxiety (HAQ), internet addiction (IAT), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCI-R Obsessions) and a negative correlation with self-esteem (a single-item scale). Additionally, the composite cyberchondria score had both direct and indirect effects on both questionable health practices. Our results revealed conspiracy mentality as one of the possible mechanisms through which cyberchondria is related to the use of PSP/CAM. It stems from distress related to cyberchondria and leads to an increased likelihood of adopting PSPs or CAM as a tool for maintaining a sense of control in an uncertain situation.
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