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Confusion of Tongues and Origin of Nations and Religions in Islamic Tradition

100%

Lozanova G.

Slavia Meridionalis

2007

vol. 7

11-30

The story of the confusion of tongues and the origin of nations and religions in Islamic tradition has several non-Quranic versions. All of them have parallels in Judeo-Christian exegesis and constitute separate or 'included' motifs in life-stories of three Islamic prophets and 'forefathers' - Adam, Nuh, and Ibrahim. The first version is very popular in oral tradition, and it assigns the confusion of tongues and the origin of nations and religions to the sacred time or Creation and the earthly life of the first human generation. The plot is based on the family conflict between Adam and his sons, who take a stand against their father and even make a conspiracy to murder him. In order to prevent the fulfillment of the sinful scheme, God confuses their languages and disperses them and their progeny all over the world. The other two versions are well-known in classical Islamic sources. The first is based on the idea of peaceful movement of nations and distribution of languages between post-Deluge generations during the time of the prophet Nuh, and the second is an Islamic version of the biblical story of the confusion of languages of those who tried to build the Tower of Babel and defy God. In Muslim oral tradition they are not popular or have different functions. The second story, for example, is adopted as a proof of the dominant theme in prophetic stories - the theme of the salvation of the righteous prophet and the punishment of the sinful ruler and his supporters. The untypical discrepancy between Islamic literary and oral texts most probably is due to the fact that the popular story is a result of a late - maybe Ottoman - compilation of well- known motifs from the biblical sacred history. It stresses the primordial inequality of religions and nations. Presumably, it was distributed through Islamic education with the intention of creation of both negative and positive ethnic and religious stereotypes among common believers.

The hermeneutic understanding of the concept of the 'confusion of tongues'

88%

Lenard K.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

2004

vol. 59

issue 3

411-422

The last few decades saw a psychoanalitic and psychotherapeutic rediscovery of Sándor Ferenczi's thoughts, which can even be interpreted as a certain Ferenczi renaissance. One of Ferenczi's late writings 'Confusion of tongues between adults and the child: the language of tenderness and passion' (1933) became one of the most widely quoted texts. This essay does not only elaborate on the drama of sexual abuse, but the early relational traumatization as well. From a wider point of view it also analyses the process of not understanding and misunderstanding between child and parent, in which the direct parental abuse is followed by the parental denial, by which the parent misuses his/her interpreting power, and thus transcribes reality. In my paper I intend to connect Ferenczi's thoughts with the contemporary theories of self-development. I interpret the concept of the 'confusion of tongues' with the help of the concepts of affective attunement, affect mirroring, sharing and meaning organization. I analyse the process through which the relational disturbance between parent and child becomes inner, intrapersonal, through the processes of self-organization, and parallelly the relational solitude becomes inner isolation. I intend to interpret this process in the framework of the hermeneutic model and with the help of certain philosophical questions of translation.

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1 Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

1 Slavia Meridionalis

1 Lenard K.

1 Lozanova G.

1 2007

1 2004

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Confusion of Tongues and Origin of Nations and Religions in Islamic Tradition

The hermeneutic understanding of the concept of the 'confusion of tongues'