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EN
The area of criminal law is currently facing increasing criticism of its highly formalized form. However, this doesn´t only affect the procedural law, but also extends to the substantive level. In this context, the assessment of criminal offenses remains a topical issue only in the light of strictly formalized legislation. This fact is most clearly reflected in the context of robberies, in which in many cases there are border proceedings of the perpetrators, whose assessment, despite a relatively long common legal history with the Czech Republic, differs considerably. For this reason, the present contribution approaches not only the analysis of selected judgments of judicial authorities and a comparative view of the issue with the help of legislation of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Austria or the Federal Republic of Germany, or the Kingdom of Sweden but also constructs legal proposals for a more effective concept of assessing infringements showing signs of robbery, the severity of which, however, is significantly lower in numerous cases.
EN
In the presented article, its authors focus on the issue of public procurement, which they analyse from several points of view, starting with the basic legal regulation and the interpretation of some of its terms. They pay particular attention to the application problems that they identify in practice in the field of criminal law with an emphasis on the concept of damage and the current legislative process that responds to this situation. In this context, the authors focus on the Criminal Code and its provision § 266 entitled “Machinations in public procurement and public auction” both from the point of view of de lege lata and de lege ferenda.
EN
The exercise of freedom of expression includes freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. However, the exercise of freedoms in the democratic society may be subject to conditions, restrictions or penalties as are prescribed by law to protect national security, territorial integrity or public safety or for the prevention of disorder or crime. The authors present their arguments for the maintaining the criminalization of extremist material possession and criminal offense of possession of extremist material pursuant to section 422c of the Criminal Code. Preservation of extremist material confirms the perpetrator the extremist ideas are correct and may incite further extremist crime. By analysing the extremist hatred and presenting specific court decisions the authors propose to retain the status quo.
EN
This paper loosely follows the article „Leniency Program and effective regret“ by the author published in Právny obzor 1/2012, which is dealing with leniency and effective regret under the provisions of the Criminal Code in general. The author addresses the partial issue in this paper, and thus completes the complex relationship of restricting competition, leniency program and the effective regret and their relationship to the concentration in the form of a joint venture.
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