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1

Amatorzy cudzej własności i ich łupy na przykładzie Bydgoszczy – dużego miasta II Rzeczypospolitej

100%
Jankowska A.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 3
473-482
EN
The dynamic growth of population made Bydgoszcz one of the larger towns in the inter-war Poland. More than half of the population were workers. The unstable economical situation and the high level of unemployment often drove them to crime, especially theft. Thieves’ spoils can provide evidence of the citizens’ financial position, tastes, interests, fashion or even culinary customs. In the early 1920s thieves were particularly interested in bed clothes and bed linen, clothes, cash, jewellery, food and livestock. The value of the things stolen rose in prosperity periods, when more people could afford luxury goods. In periods of recession and poverty thieves concentrated on livestock (hens, rabbits, ducks, pigs) and basic food (flour, butter, groats). The town was also plagued with seasonal theft – in winter thieves were greatly interested in coal and wood, in spring and summer – in bicycles, fruit and vegetables, and in autumn – in preserves (jams, wine, pickles). Lists of stolen goods mirror the paradoxes of everyday life characteristic of periods of dynamic economic changes. Many inhabitants of Bydgoszcz, despite implementing technological innovations in their households, still stuck to old habits, e.g. to keeping livestock even in the centre of the town
2

ROYAL TOWNS AND THEIR ROLE IN KEEPING THE PEACE AND LEGAL ORDER IN THE CZECH LANDS IN THE FOURTEENTH AND EARLY FIFTEENTH CENTURIES

100%
Janiš D.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2024
|
vol. 13
|
issue 2
6 – 28
EN
The study is devoted to the Bohemian and Moravian royal towns and their contribution to the protection of the peace and security of the country from the end of the thirteenth to the beginning of the fifteenth century. The original legal jurisdiction of the towns was extended by monarchical privileges to include the punishment of public criminals and robbers who threatened the country, the inhabitants of the towns and their economic interests. Some towns formed alliances for mutual protection and assistance under the mandate of the monarch. Threatened towns could also take action against aristocratic castles in their vicinity, and new castles could only be built near towns with the consent of the monarch. The royal towns were also involved in legal measures against public criminals, which were introduced in Bohemia at the beginning of the fifteenth century.
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