Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  CULTURAL CHANGE
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

Approaching a Viable Comprehension of the Knowledge Society

100%
Hochgerner J.
Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)
|
2009
|
vol. 31
|
issue 3-4
37-44
EN
With different cultures and changing times, a meaning of the same phenomena may vary. This applies also to knowledge in knowledge society: a plurality of bodies of knowledge will be preserved depending on social context, cultural significance, values and interests of the concerned groups. However, addressing the topic of the emerging knowledge society, particularly the 'knowledge cultures', implies addressing the issue of 'change': social change, socio-economic change, cultural change, changes in technology, life styles, and 'environmental baselines'. A new 'knowledge paradox' may appear as the rising usage of scientific principles stimulates scrutiny of knowledge and breeds uncertainty in this way.
2
Content available remote

GAMES AND TOYS OF THREE GENERATIONS

100%
Michalewski T.
Lud
|
2006
|
vol. 90
89-102
EN
In the article the author briefly explains what 'game' and 'play' are and how games were played by the three generations of some families. The discussion is based on the material collected during classes with the students of pedagogy at the University of Opole. He did not impose any specific form of expression upon his students. He has collected 45 accounts and got more or less insightful information about the games and toys of three generations. The comparison of the games and toys of three generations reveals their many common features. What was changed were the names and partly the rules of some games, as well as the props used to play them. For example, in the case of games with a ball, what was different was the material of which the ball was made. Contemporary youth play with a leather ball while their parents had to do with a ball made of rags. The same is true of some toys, e.g. dolls. The doll has been the favourite toy of girls today and in the past. The analysis of the games and toys of three generations reveals few differences between them. During their development human communities created a countless number of games and some of them have prevailed for years. Each one of us used to play the 'home', 'school' and, when we got older, we took part in 'dance parties' or went to the disco. There are elements of education in some games. Education is determined by the aesthetics of the toys and the places where they are used and the culture of social relations among the peers. In conclusion, it can be said that the games of three generations presented in the article played a very important role. They occupied every minute of the child's free time. It is through play that children developed their imagination and prepared to perform social roles. The set of favourite games and toys quoted by the students is fairly traditional. Although it contains seemingly new games, the latter are actually new versions of the games that were very popular in the past.
3
Content available remote

CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN AFRICAN MOURNING RITUALS IN NORTHERN TOGO (Ciaglosc i zmiana w afrykanskiej obrzedowosci zalobnej. Na przykladzie pólnocnego Togo)

100%
Pawlik J. J.
Lud
|
2008
|
vol. 92
87-108
EN
Rituals connected with death belong to the most complex African ritual practices. They include rituals practised in the period from agony to the end of mourning. Their aim is to properly bury the body of the deceased, help the deceased person's spirit enter the land of the ancestors and accompany the relatives during mourning. The practices change with technical progress, education and impact of monotheistic religions. The article presents the changing form of rituals connected with death in northern Togo. The author first describes the traditional model, which comprises two periods abounding in rituals: - that directly after death - the burial ritual, and that, which takes place two years after death - the mourning completion ritual. Subsequently, he analyses the changes that have started when people began to migrate, had better access to new body preservation techniques and when funeral services were commercialised. In the end, the author describes the impact of education and religion on the changing way of thinking, which induced the change of practices aimed at discovering the cause of death, softened the attitude to 'bad' death and expanded funeral rituals so that now they apply to all the dead.
4
Content available remote

RAPID ADAPTATION TO SOCIAL CHANGE IN CENTRAL EUROPE: CHANGES IN LOCUS OF CONTROL, ATTRIBUTION, SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING, SELF-DIRECTION, AND TRUST

88%
Varnum M. E. W.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2008
|
vol. 40
|
issue 2
215-235
EN
This paper reviews research examining the impact of political and economic transition in the post-communist Central European countries on social psychological processes. While other aspects of democratization in Central Europe have been well documented, only recently have social psychologists turned their attention to this event. Since the collapse of communism, Central Europeans have a more internal sense of control and make more dispositional attributions for others' behaviour. After initial declines in subjective well-being during the first decade of the post-communist period, Central Europeans now have higher levels of well-being then they did at the beginning of the post-communist period. Central Europeans have also become more self-directed and have higher levels of general trust since the end of communism. Taken together these findings suggest that Central Europeans are unique in how quickly and successfully they have adapted to the rapid and massive institutional, political, economic, and social changes that accompanied democratization.
5

EXOGENOUS CULTURAL CHANGE IN THE BACKGROUND OF THE GENERATIONAL CHANGE: THE CASE FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA

75%
Soukup M., Bláha J. D.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
|
2019
|
vol. 67
|
issue 2
216 – 230
EN
An analysis of cultural change and generation gaps in the local community of the Nungon ethnic group in the state of Papua New Guinea will be the subject of the study. This ethnic group came into contact with Europeans for the first time in the mid-1930s. The pace of cultural changes within the community has been gradually increasing. For example, the local animistic cult has been replaced with Christianity, school attendance has been introduced in the villages of Nungon, travel opportunities have become more accessible, and as the mobile signal has recently been introduced, Nungon residents can now connect to the internet and access information about the globalised world. Those who remember the colonial period still live in the community and many of them are still illiterate, with only limited knowledge of Pidgin English, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. On the other hand, the youngest generation can study in cities or experiment with social media and share information there. The aim of the paper is not only to show intergenerational differences, but also to document the local history and its ties to particular generations and show the role the generational memory played in illiterate societies with unwritten history. The only existing written and photographic documents were created by colonial officers. The study will show the transformation of the Nungon community from the time of photographs kept in boxes to the youngest generation, which keeps photographs in mobile phones and shares them on social media.
6
Content available remote

Cultural Change and Identity – The Case of Equatorial Africa

75%
Flis M.
Hemispheres. Studies on Cultures and Societies
|
2011
|
issue 26
47-58
EN
The article attempts to shed light on the issue of cultural change in Equatorial Africa. The model proposed is a movement along an Evolution → Diffusion → Evolution path. Social evolution as well as diffusionism comprises a cognitive consequence of cultural differentiation. Divergence in the levels of cultural socialization remains in direct proportion to the degree of the internal dynamics of a specific socio-cultural system. The domination of culture and the natural environment over the sphere of group interests elucidates the lack of endogenous modification and transformation. In this context education play a very significant role as a factor in changes in identity strategies.
7
Content available remote

IN THE SITE OF A THEORY AND HISTORY OF CULTURE. A GLANCE ON LUDWIK FLECK'S THEORY OF THOUGHT STYLES (W strone teorii i historii kultury. Spojrzenie na teorie stylów myslowych Ludwika Flecka)

63%
Rydlewski M.
Etnografia Polska
|
2009
|
vol. 53
|
issue 1-2
113-132
EN
Humanistic reflection on culture is very important in Polish science. It is one of the most interesting themes of Polish philosophy, represented by Stanislaw Brzozowski, Bronislaw Malinowski, Florian Znaniecki, Leszek Kolakowski, Zygmunt Bauman, Jerzy Kmita. One of the greatest, still unknown, is Ludwik Fleck, who was a medical doctor (outstanding mickrobiologist) and an author of a book Genesis and Development a Scientifict Fact published in 1935, where he discusses sociological perception of science. Fleck is becoming popular among Polish representatives of humanities, especially sociologists and philosophers. His theory and point of view on developing of knowledge, organizes the discussion between realism (philosophy of science) and anti-realism (non-classical sociology of knowledge, sociology of scientific knowledge, science and technology studies). Fleck's theory of 'thought collectives' and 'thought styles' is completely unknown to Polish ethnologists. In author's opinion, Fleck's theory should be treated as a theory of culture in the anthropological sense, which can be useful to describe how culture works. He underlines that Fleck's theory can be useful in studies on cultural change, theory of vision and common sense. From methodological point of view Fleck's theory is more interesting (more empirical) than Thomas Kuhn's, and is putting culture closer to the development of science. In author's opinion Fleck's theory is a mature theory of non-classical sociology of knowledge. However, it appeared almost forty years before this sociological project. Even today Fleck's words are still worth mentioning. We can easily find ideas of H. Putnam, W. V. O. Quine, S. Fish in Fleck's papers. In author's opinion Fleck is a philosopher who is crossing the borders of anthropology, sociology of knowledge and onthological thesis of an American pragmatism. The author considers Fleck's theory to be an useful instrument which helps us to understand society. In his opinion, this theory should be widely discussed and used as a tool in Polish ethnology.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.