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PORTUGAL, SLOVAKIA, AND THE POLITICAL COUNTER-REFORMATION OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (1910-1939)

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Poláčková Z., Duin van P. C.

Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

2017

vol. 10

issue 2

23 – 47

This essay tries to make a comparative analysis of the political dynamics of Portugal and Slovakia in the first half of the twentieth century (1910-1939) in terms of the significance of conservative political Catholicism. The two countries belonged to a group of nations in Europe in which there was a strong reaction to political liberalism, progressive republicanism, cultural secularism, and socialism. This antagonism can arguably be seen as a modern continuation of the historic conflict between the Protestant and humanist Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Its twentieth-century manifestation was of course somewhat different from the original sixteenth- and seventeenth-century conflict. After the eighteenth century the historic force of anti-Catholic Reformation was mainly expressed in the form of intellectual Enlightenment, anti-clericalism, and social and cultural progressivism. But it would seem that in many ways the dynamics and aggressive energy of this great cultural confrontation was continued during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, although in a modified ideological and political shape. The years between 1910 and 1940 were the period when the conflict between political progressivism and Catholic conservatism reached its culmination. In Portugal the forces of cultural secularism and liberal republicanism were defeated by the new authoritarian regime led by Salazar. In Slovakia the foundation and then the end of the First Czechoslovak Republic brought the rise and then the victory of the Catholic opposition movement, the Slovak People’s Party of Andrej Hlinka and Jozef Tiso. The authors of this essay would argue that a comparison of Portugal and Slovakia is useful in trying to understand the significance of the political force of conservative and anti-liberal Catholicism. From a Slovak point of view, looking at Portugal seems helpful in coming to terms with this European and Slovak phenomenon.

"ĽEPŠUO ZDRAVJA JAKO MÄD ĽÍZAŇJA", ALEBO NANÁROČNÁ REFLEXIA POHĽADU NA CESTOVANIE A VECÍ S NÍM SPOJENÝCH V ÉRE BUDOVANIA ROZVINUTEJ SOCIALISTICKEJ SPOLOČNOSTI

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Podoba J.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

2007

vol. 14

issue 2

138-146

The paper aims to explore Slovak villagers' attitudes towards travelling and tourism during the period of the late socialism. Travelling and tourism might have been perceived as expressions of urban life style, the way of spending free time, or the recreational activities connected with travelling. The author considers his personal experience during the 1970s and 1980s. As a young tourist he was confronted with the attitudes of the Slovak official representatives towards a life style that was rather strange for them. When the conservative inhabitants of Slovak country-side were confronted with the young people from the urban families brought up on the Seton's principles of living in natural environment, the similar clash of two systems of values or two different life perspectives occurred. The author completes his observations by two ethnographic descriptions of the episodes that took place during his long-term field research of Slovak highlanders in the second half of the 1980s.

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1 Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

1 Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

1 Duin van P. C.

1 Podoba J.

1 Poláčková Z.

1 2017

1 2007

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PORTUGAL, SLOVAKIA, AND THE POLITICAL COUNTER-REFORMATION OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (1910-1939)

"ĽEPŠUO ZDRAVJA JAKO MÄD ĽÍZAŇJA", ALEBO NANÁROČNÁ REFLEXIA POHĽADU NA CESTOVANIE A VECÍ S NÍM SPOJENÝCH V ÉRE BUDOVANIA ROZVINUTEJ SOCIALISTICKEJ SPOLOČNOSTI