The article focuses on a private museum of a hybrid character, Parco Museo Jalari, as an example of reception and understanding of the cultural heritage of Sicily. Trinkaria, with its historical, cultural, natural and climatic background, has been a valued destination of educational and artistic trips for ages. These factors made an impact on the Sicilians’ awareness, significantly influencing the ways of expressing and understanding their identity. The analysis of the park structure, of the creation history, as well as that of the exhibition and festival activity, shows the way in which it reflects the island’s history and culture, the way in which it defines itself or the extent in which it caters for the needs of different cultural tourists. The starting point of the elaboration is an attempt to capture Sicilian individuality reflected in the trip accounts written by the great ones of this world as well as in the meanders of history. Next, after introducing the museum context of Jalari, the profile of the park is presented: its history, structure and activity. The summary of the article exposes the extent to which the theoretical assumptions have been fulfilled and to which they are useful for the protection and promotion of the region’s culture. It also presents the value of the park’s offer in the context of cultural tourism. As for the complete lack of texts in Polish describing the park, the primary aim of this article is to bring the idea, the stages of creation and the functioning of the park closer to Polish cultural, and museum, tourism researchers as well as Polish reads interested in the subject.
After reviewing and briefly analyzing the contents and scope of several definitions of cultural tourism used in the official classification, in scientific considerations and in teaching practice, the author of the article presents a proposal of the phenomenon functional definition referring to the commonly used term of tourism as a primary concept. The proposal considers both current (broad) understanding of culture and itineraries (goals and contents) of tourist expeditions on the one hand, while on the other hand it considers the tourists’ cultural motivation aspect. The author’s goal is to make available and spread a useful tool to classify tourist offers and, consequently, to lead to the standardization of Polish professional terminology in the cultural tourism field. The proposal should be treated as a starting point for a discussion in professional circles on the subject of defining cultural tourism, with the option of considering tourism organizers and their needs in it.
The study refers to a specific type of products offered in tourism, popular in cultural tourism, among others. After suggesting a precise and complying with Polish law definition of a tour package, the author isolates and describes a specific sub-type of this product: an individual tour package. Next, the most-frequently offered types of individual packages and their organizational structure are presented. On the basis of the case study of several existing offers, their essential and complementary modules are extracted, which enables the author to draw conclusions regarding the process of adapting individual packages to the needs of cultural tourists.
The author makes the analysis of the historical reenactment phenomenon in the context of its essential meaning for cultural tourism, especially for “living history” tourism. After organizing the terminology and presenting the sources and literature of the subject, all kinds of historical reenactment are presented and the levels of professionalization are described in more detail. The last part of the article attempts to analyze the scale of the phenomenon in Poland and presents the societies, main subjects of interest and the kinds of activities its representatives undertake.
The article is about content and intention of international documents related to cultural tourism (Bruxelles, Mexico) and national legislative. It points at possible chances of using cultural-geographical marks of water mills in Europe and in Slovakia, together with historical, economical, ethnical and social relations of expansion of mills. It introduces a basic mill typology (animal powered, wind, water: classical, pile water, floating), visual and audial signification of mills as well as explains some faults in the mill presentation in open-air museums and as technical monuments 'in situ'. It also introduces some positive examples of private initiatives in Slovakia (Kolárovo, Vráble) and in other countries (Slovenia, Poland).
The author presents in her article the history and vale of the calendars of Wielkopolska Region from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and the potentiality of using them as a source for cultural tourism development in the region. Calendars can enrich the research skills of not only guidebook or other travel publication authors, but also that of cultural tourism popularizers, including tour guides and teachers. Thanks to their cognitive, literary, educational, patriotic and Christian values, the calendars have a chance to diversify tourist offer aimed at the enthusiasts of the city of Poznań and of Wielkopolska Region.
Every year, both in the world and Poland, electronic dance music events are organized. Tourists who attend them can be named cultural tourists (of modern culture) because of their often wide knowledge of the subject and their frequent participation in the events. The article is an attempt to investigate this rarely-analyzed phenomenon in the context of cultural tourism. It includes the following: the outline of music events history in Poland, the description of their character and organization, and a more detailed characteristic of some chosen events. The key part of the article presents the results of empirical research regarding tourists’ participation in such events in Poland and abroad.
The article discusses the subject from Polish professional literature relatively well-described and gradually widely known within professional circles, that is ‘theme tourist routes which use historic and cultural buildings and themes. Considering earlier publications referring to the subject of tourist routes in general [e.g. Kruczek 2007, Szewczyk 2008] and to cultural tourist routes in particular [Mikos v. Rohrscheidt 2008], it is not necessary to repeat the information about the routes and their descriptions. Therefore, the author – apart from presenting the idea of cultural routes in the perspective of Polish and foreign professional literature – focuses reader’s attention on two issues. They are both vital for proper functioning and development of the cultural tourist routes offer in Poland. Moreover, the issues can especially influence the extent to which these products are used by tourism organizers and individual tourists. The first issue regards proper classification of cultural tourist routes, and the problem of consequent use of correct terminology in professional literature, information materials and in setting up the trails. The second one is a set of requirements for creating new and developing the existing cultural tourist routes in Poland.
The article describes the historical periods of development two closely related fields of activity in Daghestan (Russia) – local history and museology. Within each period, the authors highlight the stages of the local history and museum initiative of the local intellectuals and educators. The spatio-temporal dynamics of the network of local history museums in the context of the republic’s municipalities is analysed. The features of the evolution of local lore and museum affairs are revealed in the light of the prospects for the popularisation of the rich natural and cultural heritage of the “Country of the Mountains”. The issues surrounding the formation of effective museum and tourist clusters on this territory are discussed.
The article is about searching for cultural authenticity of the Moroccan society – “the country of setting sun” – in the perspective of booming tourism. The first part of the article presents a short characteristic of some chosen aspects of the unusually colorful Moroccan culture. Then, the most important reasons for the disappearance of the genuine face of the country, seized by tourist industry and striving for better future as well as for recognition on the world market, are shown. The attempt to adopt the rules imposed by “the modern times momentum” is often connected with some form of sacrifice as well as the loss of essence of identity and individuality. The next part of the article touches the issue of ethics in tourism. Certain examples help to picture the ethical attitudes visible in the relations between Moroccans and the arriving tourists. Next, the article presents the phenomenon of folclorization and the cultural “show” for tourists, which results from the cultural authenticity disappearance. In the last part of the article, the analysis of a survey carried out among Moroccans is presented. The survey studies the degree of tradition and identity disappearance, as well as the inhabitants’ attitude towards the booming tourism.
The study concentrates on the preserved heritage of Medieval defensive constructions in Poland and its use for tourist purposes. After presenting the reasons for taking up the issue, as well as the methods and analytic tools used in the study, the author draws a brief outline of the history of these constructions on Polish territory and a list of different types of historical castles. Next, the author analyzes their tourist potential and various forms of cultural tourism within which these constructions become the destination of trips and short visits. The analysis of some chosen Polish castles, carried out in the last part of the study, documents the specialization in specific types of trips and of tourists’ profiles that is happening now.
The article deals with participants of living history reenactments and their activity in the context of interests, needs and cultural tourism organization. After pointing out to the most important issues connected with historical reenactment and to Polish publications on the subject, the author presents, on the basis of a survey, the profile of the group members taking up this area of cultural activity and the range of their activity with regard to educational sphere and directly to tourism. In the last part of the study, the author shows the possibilities standing in front of Polish tourist-cultural offer, relying on the potential of the reenactment groups. Finally, suggestions concerning the integration of the possibilities with the offer are formulated.
The aim of the article is to present journalist genre called the feuilleton, developing since the Enlightenment period, as a precious source of knowledge which is useful in historical research and in cultural tourism for both cultural tourism organizers and tourists themselves. The subject was described with the use of excellent 19th century series of feuilletons by Marceli Motty called the “Letters of Wojtuś from Zawady”, which are a treasury of information about Poznań and its inhabitants in the 19th century. Marceli Motty draws the picture of the Greater Poland’s capital in the 1860s. Rich language and unusual timeliness of the feuilleton makes them an interesting completion of the guiding commentary meant for inquisitive cultural tourists who are not satisfied only with general or guiding publications. The “Letters of Wojtuś from Zawady”, as well as feuilletons of other authors from that period, can enrich Poznań’s biographical, literary, museum, urban, educational offer, as they constitute an excellent material for designing new tourist-cultural routes around the city of Poznań. The routes can consider a widely-understood cultural theme (visual arts, literature, theater, music), biographical-literary (outstanding citizens of Greater Poland as well as famous culture creators), socio-traditional (everyday lives of the city inhabitants in the period of annexation, fashion, bon ton, language uniqueness, the activity of societies and organizations, education), etc.
The main goal of the article is the functioning analysis of the chosen brand products of cultural tourism existing in the region of Pomerania. The study describes 'the Center for Education and Region Promotion in Szymbark' and 'the Checked-Houses-Land'. The article presents, among others, the direction which the studied products should take. On the basis of the conducted study, the authors also presented the future development plans of the analyzed enterprises and their sources of financing.
The main recipients of this list are the people involved in scientific and cultural tourism and cultural aspects of travel, in particular, the authors extensive scientific trials and studies, including doctoral students, but also the authors of the tourism project and the students who wrote their works. Using the bibliography is arranged thematically enable them to obtain the orientation in the studies and the existing sources and studies.
The article covers the issue of cultural tourism in the social-economic aspect. It points out to the place, in the financial involvement of the country’s budget, where cultural tourism is situated. It presents its influence on the state’s revenue and labor market (tour leaders, tour reps, transport and catering companies). The research shows that the state does not treat tourism as its priority. Such an approach is contradicts the program promoting, e.g. the idea of active society, innovative economy, or the improvement of Polish tourist offer competitiveness abroad.
The subject of the elaboration is tourism aimed at places of significant archeological discoveries – archeological tourism (archeotourism) considered as one of the forms of cultural tourism. The author presents historical examples of such tourist activity. Next, he analyses the meaning and attractiveness of a number of places in Poland from the point of view of archeotourism. The last part of the description presents the advantages resulting from including archeotourism in educational curricula, and requirements for effective ways of building the concepts of events and trips.
The article attempts to define and classify erotic tourism (sex tourism). The demonstrated ways in which this phenomenon is covered in professional literature point out to substantial differences between authors, which means there are problems with an unambiguous definition of the phenomenon. It can be assumed that the problems with defining sex tourism are reflected in difficulties with classifying the phenomenon in the generic structure of tourism. Analyzing the available sources, the author also tries to establish if sex tourism can be recognized as a form of cultural tourism. The analysis described in the article should be treated as an introduction to broader considerations on the subject of erotic tourism, especially because the problem – with a few exceptions – has not been of much interest to Polish scientists yet.
The article presents the issue of cultural tourism development in planning documents of some chosen European countries. The analysis is based on those countries which, in general, are not considered to be the top tourist destinations in Europe (the volume of inbound tourism in those countries does not exceed 10 million tourist arrivals annually). Several elements of strategic planning have been analyzed, e.g. the SWOT analysis, vision, strategic goals, basic tourist products and the institutions responsible for the cultural tourism development. It has been established that cultural tourism is strongly emphasized in national planning documents and, in some cases, it becomes (or is supposed to become) one of the main tourist products.
Tourism is considered to be the strongest sector of the economy in the world. In regional development it serves as a tool of economic, social, environmental and cultural increase. Today tourism becomes not only an economic system but also a cultural phenomenon. Tourism as a way of life or as a product of human plays an important role in cultural science, specifically in culturology. The article bears a complex view on the issue of the relationship between tourism and culture in which the bilateral effect is stressed. While the impact of culture in tourism is regarded as positive, even further fundamental for tourism realisation, the opinion of a tourism impact on culture are different. On one hand tourism is considered to be a starter of globalisation and other negative cultural values. On other hand positive effects as an increase of cultural identity and conservation of cultural heritage is emphasized. In article the main view is dedicated to balance between cultural and economic opinions where positive effects are spread to both areas.
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