Search results - CEJSH

1

SELECTING SUITABLE BUILDING SAVINGS FOR THE CLIENT IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC USING A MULTI-CRITERIA EVALUATION PROCEDURE

100%

Borovička A.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2021

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vol. 69

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issue 2

180 – 203

EN

Recently, the popularity of building savings has grown. Many people thus are faced with selecting a suitable product. Unfortunately, most clients sign a contract with the bank holding their current account and/or other products. In this simplified manner of choosing, customer’s preferences are often unnecessarily suppressed. To eliminate this, or to select the building savings most appropriate to customer’s needs, a complex user-friendly multi-criteria evaluation procedure is proposed. This approach can consider, as opposed to other well-known methods, all requirements and conditions of a building savings selection. The application power of the proposed concept is illustrated using real situations that can occur on the Czech market. Two most frequent types of client are specified (primarily oriented to a deposit return, and getting a loan). Besides “standard” situations, some more specific cases (a non-traditional savings period of nine years, or building savings for children) are also studied in order to have a greater impact of study to the practice with this product. For each savings strategy, the most suitable building savings is selected. Subsequently, the results are compared and analysed.

2

EFFECT OF HIGH WAGES ON AVERAGE WAGES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

100%

Marek L.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2019

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vol. 67

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issue 4

404 – 425

EN

A standard indicator for the amount of wages is the average value, i.e., the arithmetic mean. The average wages are regularly published as one of the economic quantities in which all employees are interested. As a matter of course it is often said that about two-thirds of employees do not achieve the average value of wages. One of the reasons for this fact may be the existence of high wages – that is, wages substantially higher than most of the others. We will see in this paper that, even if there are not many such wages, they may have a strong effect on the average value. Our calculations will show this effect on particular data. We will exclude the high wages from the complete set and recalculate the average values after such exclusions. We will also study the proportion of the high wages in the quantity and amount of all wages. We will also be interested in the value of the median and how this value is changed by excluding the high wages. Another observation is that the high wages and their effects on the average values is predominantly a domain of men – this influence is much smaller for women.

3

NĚKTERÉ OTÁZKY PRÁVNÍ ÚPRAVY SPOLEČNÝCH ČÁSTÍ NEMOVITOSTI V BYTOVÉM SPOLUVLASTNICTVÍ PODLE OBČANSKÉHO ZÁKONÍKU V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE

80%

Dvořák T.

Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

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2022

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vol. 105

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issue 5

420 – 436

EN

This article deals with some issues of legal regulation of common parts of divided real estate. Due to the extensiveness and complexity of this matter, attention is focused only on some issues of their regulation, namely on the concept of common parts, co-ownership of common parts, the definition of individual common parts (including the division into mandatory and optional common parts) and the right of joint and exclusive use some common parts.

4

Jak fungují kraje – příspěvek k hodnocení výkonu krajských vlád

80%

Illner M., Kostelecky T., Patockova V.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2007

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vol. 43

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issue 5

967-992

EN

The article presents an analysis of the performance of regional governments - the institutions representing the self-governing regions in the Czech Republic. The authors try to answer the question of whether regional governments function similarly or whether they vary in terms of performance, and if they do vary, how structured and how large are these differences. After a review of the position occupied by the regions in the Czech public administration system, and after assessing the ways in which regional government performance can be understood and measured and the accessibility of necessary data, indicators are proposed and used to create an aggregate index of regional government performance. An analysis based on these indicators shows that there are considerable differences between regional governments in terms of the structure and the level of their performance. Based on the performance index it was possible to distinguish regions with above-average, average, and below-average regional government performance. The territorial distribution of these groups and some other factors confirm the validity of these measurements.

5

Krajané a současné migrační procesy

80%

Uherek Z.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2013

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vol. 23

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issue 4

235 – 240

EN

The text is an introduction to the Journal of Ethnology’s monothematic issue about expatriates. Its goal is to classify the theme into a wider context, to show that the relation to expatriates differs in different countries and to demonstrate that in many countries the emigration and the relations to expatriates constitute a significant component of the history and a part of processes of national identification. The text also deals with factors that strengthen the relation between the source and the destination country in the process of migration. It shows that the theme of expatriates does not include only the theme of emigration but also that of return migrations. From this point of view, the topicality of the theme of expatriates in Europe and the Czech Republic has rather increased than decreased recently. The examples of particular communities of expatriates come mainly from Europe. The author focused on the examples with Czech expatriates; partially he speaks about German, Polish, Irish and Armenian communities. In the conclusion, he mentions the contemporary trend of double residence and transnational lifestyle.

6

SITUATION OF CHURCHES AND RELIGIOUS ASSOCIATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA AFTER 1989. SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES (Sytuacja Kosciolów i zwiazków wyznaniowych w Czechach i na Slowacji po 1989 r. Podobienstwa i roznice)

80%

Palka E.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2010

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issue 1(334)

141-162

EN

The article characterizes the situation of Churches and religious associations in the Czech Republic and Slovakia after 1989. Along with the onset of transformations of the political system, previously marginalized and persecuted religious associations obtained the possibility of a free development and independence from state authorities, while their members were guaranteed religious liberties. Following the division of the Czechoslovak state into two independent republics - Czech and Slovak - Churches and religious associations have enjoyed freedom, conditions have also been created for development of their activity, religious as well as charitable, cultural, educational, etc. Appropriate legal regulations have also been introduced. However, many problems still remain unsolved, above all the problem of financing the Churches, and in the case of the Czech Republic also the restitution of Church property and the concordate. The situation of religious associations in those countries is also influenced by a change of attitudes toward religion. The highly secularized Czech society shows a well-advanced indifference to religious matters, whereas in Slovakia the Church enjoys social trust and believers make up a large section of the society.

7

TAX POLICY OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND SECURING FUNDS FOR RETIREMENT

80%

Janoušková J., Kirschnerová P.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2018

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vol. 66

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issue 9

888 – 908

EN

Pension policy and issues relating to the life of the elderly in an ageing Europe is one of the major areas that cannot be ignored. The severity of the pension issues is enhanced by the long-term demographic development and the associated question of financing the pension system. The paper is aimed at tax allowances, which are intended to support the old-age security in the form of voluntary and individual savings. In addition to their description, the ways of how these options are used by tax entities are clarified, too. The aim of the research is to assess the use of legislative tax tools leading to the increase in the effectiveness of the given measures. Methodically the research is based on the evaluation of secondary statistical data of the Czech Statistical Office and Financial Administration of the Czech Republic. The data are statistically backed up by primary research, which was carried out in 2016.

8

IMPACT OF SELECTED FACTORS REGARDING THE EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT (THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC) WITH AN EMPHASIS ON DECENTRALIZATION

80%

Plaček M., Schmidt M., Ochrana F., Půček M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2016

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vol. 64

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issue 1

22 – 36

EN

This article examines the impact of selected factors of public contracts on the efficiency of public procurement with an emphasis on decentralization. We analysed the influence of these factors using an econometric model applied to data on public procurement, specifically on pubic construction contracts for 2013 – 2014. To achieve a higher degree of assurance we have verified these results by analysing public contracts for the purchase of gas for the years 2013 – 2014. In the context of the available data, this public contract procedure has a relatively homogeneous subject of performance. The research conclusions which have been reached are significant, partly for the considerations regarding the centralization vs. decentralization of purchases, but they also represent a valuable contribution to the empirical investigation of the decentralized production of public goods and services.

9

FACTORS OF TAX EVASION: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

80%

Josková K., Finardi S., Arltová M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2023

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vol. 71

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issue 10

596 – 617

EN

The main goal of this paper is to estimate factors of tax evasion in the Czech Republic. Among other things, tax evasion reduces state revenues which fact leads to a decrease in the quantity and quality of publicly provided goods and services. Therefore it is necessary to ensure that taxpayers comply with their tax obligations. Firstly, we use the monetary method (cash/deposit ratio) to estimate the size of tax evasion in absolute and relative terms. According to our estimates, the extent of tax evasion in the Czech Republic was almost 3.6 percent of GDP in 2021. Secondly, we use multi-variate time series co-integration analysis models to analyse the economic, tax, and institutional determinants of tax evasion in the Czech Republic. The factors negatively associated with tax evasion include tax overpayments, VAT revenue, and implementation of tax measures introduced in 2020. The positive impact has GDP, PIT revenue, CIT revenue, inflation, monetary freedom, Gross National Savings, trade freedom, PIT rate, unemployment, and average wage.

10

Americké protiraketové základny v ČR a Polsku z pohledu domácí veřejnosti

80%

Cervenka J.

Naše společnost (Our Society)

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2007

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vol. 5

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issue 1

3-9

EN

The text focuses on public opinion in Czech Republic and Poland relating to the plan of U.S. government to locate some parts of U.S. national missile defence in these countries. It describes and compares main shifts of developments of public attitudes in both countries to the project as well as to eventual referendum in this matter within the period up to the first half of 2007. The text shows main demographical, societal and political differences in both countries and discusses reasons and motives behind particular attitudes of Czech and Polish citizens.

11

ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

80%

Tetřevová L., Vlčková V.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2019

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vol. 67

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issue 9

995 – 1010

EN

Other than financial and non-financial effects for universities, academic entrepreneurship also generates new thoughts and ideas and allows for transfer of knowledge, leading to creation of inventions and innovations. Thanks to this, academic entrepreneurship represents a source of economic growth and competitiveness and contributes significantly towards sustainable development. This role appears to be especially important from the point of view of post-communist economies which are still to a certain extent transforming. The objective in this study is therefore to assess the level of academic entrepreneurship in one of the post-communist countries – a small economy with a traditional role played by education – the Czech Republic. Data gained via a questionnaire survey, the respondents of which were competent managers from 76 HEIs and faculties working in the Czech Republic, was compared with the relevant international studies.

12

RELIGIOSITY BEHIND BARS: FORMS OF INMATE'S RELIGIOSITY IN THE CZECH PRISON SYSTEM

80%

Váně J., Dirga L.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2016

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vol. 48

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issue 6

641 – 663

EN

The text focuses on the multiple forms of religiosity (based on different types of motivation) of inmates in Czech prisons from the perspective of three groups of respondents: prison inmates, prison guards and representatives of a number of churches. The study is based on an ethnographic study of prisons in the Czech Republic. The data corpus includes qualitative interviews with selected actors in the prison world, material gathered through observations inside prisons and an analysis of the documentation on the Czech penitentiary system. Through this research, we found that the key respondents feel that there is some ambivalence around the religiosity of inmates and that the pragmatic approach many inmates take to faith is becoming a controversial issue. Our research demonstrated that the presence of religiosity of inmates in prison is not really accepted in a clearly positive manner as it may seem at first glance. On the contrary, the presence of it in prisons has become the subject of controversy among its main actors.

13

INDIVIDUAL DETERMINANTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE SCEPTICISM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

80%

Čermák D., Patočková V.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2020

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vol. 52

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issue 6

578 – 598

EN

This article focuses on the issue of climate change scepticism among the inhabitants of the Czech Republic and pursues two objectives: to compare climate change scepticism of Czech citizens with citizens of other European countries and to examine the relationship between individual characteristics of Czech citizens and their opinion on climate change. For this purpose, the concepts of epistemic scepticism and response scepticism are employed. The data from round 8 of the European Social Survey are analysed to demonstrate the level of Czech climate change scepticism in comparison with other European countries and to examine the association between the individual characteristics of Czech citizens and climate scepticism. The results indicate that Czech citizens are among the most sceptical in Europe. Furthermore, the outcomes from a series of regression models demonstrate that both epistemic scepticism and response scepticism are associated with political trust and personal values The findings are contrasted to previous research from other European countries and differences are discussed, taking the specific Czech historical, economic and political context into account.

14

Genderové aspekty českého školství

80%

Jarkovska L., Liskova K.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2008

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vol. 44

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issue 4

683-702

EN

Numerous Czech studies have been conducted on how the education system reproduces inequalities. While most of them have dealt with the reproduction of class inequalities, relatively few have focused on the reproduction of gender inequalities. In this article, the authors apply a conceptual understanding of the category of gender to research on education, an approach that avoids both universalising the category of woman, as well as the opposite extreme of individualisation. We claim that female students, even though they differ among themselves in various social and personal ways, are serialised as women by institutions in the education system. They are expected to perform differently, with different motivations, their performance is valued differently and they are expected to follow different professions than male students. The paper focuses in detail on the gendered nature of educational institutions, both in terms of the gender segregation of fields and levels of study, as well as in terms of the importance of the interaction that occurs during the processes of teaching and ascribing value and significance to the performance of male and female students. The authors argue that education, generally expected to function as a social ladder and a route to better-paid jobs in the labour market, serves men and women in segregated ways.

15

LOST IN TRANSLATION: EVER CHANGING AND COMPETING PURPOSES FOR NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

80%

Greger D., Kifer E.

Pedagogický časopis (Journal of Pedagogy)

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2012

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vol. 3

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issue 1

43 – 81

EN

In reaction to central control of schooling by the Soviet Union, the Czech Republic countered with what some say was the most decentralized system in Europe. While the political move to democracy was extraordinarily successful, there were numerous governments between 1989 and the present. The combination of the decentralized control of schooling and lack of continuity in the political realm in regard to education lengthened substantially the amount of time it has taken to mount national assessments. Those assessments, 5th and 9th grade and a high school leaving examination, are now on track but not without political and technical barriers.

16

KONKURENČNÍ POZICE ROZVOJOVÝCH ZÓN V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE: REGIONÁLNĚ-EKONOMICKÝ POHLED

80%

Kunc J., Tonev P.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2010

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vol. 58

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issue 2

156-175

EN

Nowadays, the concept of competitiveness has been become modern usage in some measure, used and accepted by broad public. Definition and explanation of this term is not simple and unambiguous as well. During the 90´s a lot of types of development zones entrenched in the Czech Republic area and became economic and social phenomenon of today. The main objective of this contribution is to analyse and assess competitiveness of development zones on the basis of regional-economic approach. The authors take advantage of both hard statistical data and information based on quality with emphasis on modern behavioural concept of classical localization theory.

17

Proč se měnila úroveň účasti ve volbách do Poslanecké sněmovny v letech 1996–2010?

80%

Linek L.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2011

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vol. 47

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issue 1

9-33

EN

The aim of this study is to explain why turnout in Czech general elections exhibited considerable variation between 1996 and 2010. Using valence theory this article explores the differential turnout in terms of the expected benefits of voting for a party on the basis of valence and policy considerations. This individual-level analysis of electoral participation employs four post-election surveys and uses an alternative operationalisation of the expected benefi ts of voting, which makes it possible to conduct cross-national and cross-time comparisons. The results presented in the article demonstrate that change in voter turnout across general elections stems from the change in the expected benefits from voting aggregated at the level of the electorate. One key implication of this research is that attempts to facilitate increased electoral participation through institutional reform are unlikely to be successful. This is because turnout is primarily determined by voter motivation. Increased turnout depends critically on ensuring a level of party choice that gives voters an incentive to go the polls.

18

POTENCIÁL VENKOVA PRO PRAKTIKOVÁNÍ SOCIÁLNĚ INKLUZIVNÍCH AKTIVIT

80%

Husák J., Hudečková H., Kučerová E.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2019

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vol. 51

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issue 2

115 – 136

EN

The paper is focused on appreciation of natural potential and social networks in rural areas through social services. This issue is researched on the case of formalised social inclusive activities. Using secondary analysis was created original set of information about these activities within rural municipalities in the Czech Republic. The results of primary research show, that high natural potential is reflected by rural inhabitants. However, this potential is not often connected with realisation of social inclusive activities. If local actors realise these activities, it is within localities where local communities dispose with higher sociocultural potential – especially bridging social capital.

19

Prostorová specifika strukturální nezaměstnanosti na úrovni obcí v České republice

80%

Feřtrová M., Temelová J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2011

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vol. 47

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issue 4

681-716

EN

The article analyses spatial differences in unemployment according to the demographic features and attained education of job-seekers at the municipal level in the Czech Republic between 2005 and 2010. The article attempts to examine whether significant spatial disparities can be identified in the socio-demographic features of job applicants in order to detect disadvantaged localities in terms of specific structural unemployment concentration. The article is based on a statistical analysis of the database of the structure of job applicants maintained by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. The research demonstrated that attained education and qualifications are the key factors behind the spatial differentiation of unemployment at the microlevel, while gender and age are only secondary factors.

20

Dynamika utváření nových stran v České republice v letech 1996–2010: hledání možných příčin politického zemětřesení

80%

Hanley S.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2011

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vol. 47

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issue 1

115-137

EN

The stable and closed nature of the party system and the failure of most new political parties were among the most salient features of Czech democracy over the past two decades. The results of the 2010 parliamentary elections seemed to mark a break with this pattern: support for two main parties slumped to historically low levels and two new parties, TOP 09 and Public Affairs (Věci veřejné), entered parliament. This article seeks to put the ‘political earthquake’ of 2010 into perspective by mapping the development of new parties in the Czech Republic over the past two decades and relating them to comparative literature and typologies of new party emergence. It concludes that, of the two successful new parties in 2010, Public Affairs was by far the more novel and important phenomenon.

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