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AMERICAN CONGRESS AND CZECHOSLOVAK MONETARY GOLD, 1980–1981

100%
Michálek S.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2019
|
vol. 67
|
issue 5
879 – 904
EN
The history of the Czechoslovak monetary gold began to be written at the end of the 1930s at the time of the mutilation and breakup of the Czechoslovak Republic. The gold was forcibly and illegally seized by Nazi Germany. At the end of the, the American army of occupation found it in salt mines at Merkers in Germany with gold from other countries. It was only in 1982 that an adequate part was returned to the vaults of the State Bank of Czechoslovakia in Prague. Soon after the Second World War, the USA, Great Britain and France established the Tripartite Commission for the Restitution of Monetary Gold on the basis of decisions by the Paris Reparations Conference. Its task was to secure the just and proportional return of recovered gold to all the affected countries including Czechoslovakia. During the following decades of the Cold War, gold was a regular subject of conflict, dispute and negotiations, especially between Washington and Prague. The agreements reached were cancelled by one side or the other, and they repeatedly went back to the beginning. This study is directed towards the period 1980–1981, when the United States Congress significantly intervened in the question of the return of the Czechoslovak gold.
2

ŠTÁTNY DEPARTMENT USA: KOMPENZÁCIA VERZUS ČESKOSLOVENSKÉ MENOVÉ ZLATO V ROKOCH 1948 – 1961

86%
Michálek S.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue 2
293 – 316
EN
After the end of the Second World War, Europe and the whole world faced a multitude of open questions and problems. The significant issues included dealing with the results of the war and the establishment of an international order that would minimalize the possibility of the outbreak of another world conflict. We know today, that after the defeat of the common enemy, the world did not follow the course of co-operation, but of bipolar confrontation of the USSR and USA, two super-powers with regimes based on different values and ideologies. Some questions were successfully solved, but others remained unsolved mainly for political reasons. They dragged on through the decades of the Cold War and were reflected in bilateral relations. Those concerning Czechoslovakia and Czechoslovak – American relations included the issues of the Czechoslovak monetary gold and compensation for American property in Czechoslovakia nationalized in 1945. The present study have limited the problem of the Czechoslovak gold and compensation to the question of how the US State Department dealt with these problems, or what influenced its actions, especially in the 1950s.
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