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PL
The article contains characteristics of the fourteen professors who gained their appointment to the Regius Chair of Civil Law in Oxford and Cambridge in the 18th century. Their academic careers as well as their many out-of-academia duties are described in the article. The analyses of the collected materials allowed the author to assert that the condition of teaching Roman law in the 18th-century England resembled the general crises of the university education in England in the aforementioned epoch. For most of the lecturers the academic posts were more or less sinecures that provided a social prestige and honourable social position. Only the late 18th century brought some changes in the methods of teaching Roman law and in the appointments of the professors. To a fuller extent these changes could not be observed to bring expected effects before the mid-19th century.
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EN
This paper examines the composition of both Oxford and Cambridge Universities, with particular emphasis upon the college-based tutorial as the blueprint for a more relational form of education. The article covers a brief history of the college system, the life cycle of an Oxford student, and the educational outcomes of the tutorial. This is shown to promote creativity of thought, and therefore proves to be a successful method of teaching. In conclusion, it is suggested that the tutorial is gaining popularity within secondary education as an alternative to group teaching, chiefly because of its focus on the development of the individual student.
PL
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono strukturę uniwersytetów w Oksfordzie i Cambridge; skupiono się szczególnie na opartym na strukturze kolegialnej systemie tutoringu jako modelowym rozwiązaniu edukacji opartej na relacjach. Przedstawiono historię systemu kolegialnego, kolejne etapy doświadczeń studenta oraz skutki stosowania systemu tutorialnego. W tekście argumentuje się za tym, że jest to skuteczna metoda uczenia, która wspiera twórcze myślenie. W podsumowaniu wskazuje się, że tutoring staje się coraz bardziej popularny w szkolnictwie średnim jako alternatywa dla uczenia grupowego. Jest to umotywowane przede wszystkim naciskiem, jaki tutoring kładzie na indywidualny rozwój każdego ucznia.
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