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EN
In the 1970s-1990s, the American photographer Nan Goldin took a series of photographs which reproduce the stereotypes of the heterosexual romance, yet also subvert gender norms. She documented the transgender and drag subcultures and granted recognition to those who were obliterated by mainstream society. This contribution confronts gender and queer studies, the sociology of homosexuality and transgender history with Goldin‘s photographs, and highlights how the photographer destabilizes gender paradigms and interrogates the definitions of masculinity and femininity. Goldin promotes the proliferation of gender expressions and celebrates what she calls ―gender euphoria.
EN
The Church, which is the Mystical Body of Christ, gives to the believer incorporation into this mystery but it also requires of them assent to its divine origin. The faith is presented to the believer through this reality both in the ancient symbols of the Church but also in its liturgy, which is the primary theological ground allowing a person to profess and celebrate faith that is rooted in the Church of Christ. In this study the author recalls some assumptions of the relationship between the liturgy and the Church, reflects on the liturgy sees as a sacred space for manifesting faith and reflects on the ars celebrandi and its impact on building faith in the Church of Christ.  
PL
Kościół, będący Mistycznym Ciałem Chrystusa, domaga się od wiernych nie tylko ich przynależności, ale wiary w jego boskie pochodzenie. Ta wiara, obecna w starożytnych symbolach, kształtowana jest na liturgii i przez liturgię. Liturgia bowiem, będąc pierwszym miejscem teologicznym, jest też naturalnym biotopem wyznawania i celebrowania tejże wiary. W niniejszym studium autor przypomina założenia relacji liturgii do Kościoła, poddaje refleksji liturgię rozumianą jako przestrzeń manifestacji wiary w Kościół oraz snuje refleksję nad obecna w temacie ars celebrandi i jej wpływem na budowanie wiary w Kościół Chrystusowy.
EN
Human time, no matter to what culture or religion a man belongs, is filled with celebrations that give rhythm to his life and help him capture the essence of his existence. Also Christianity over the centuries worked out various forms of specific celebration. The goal of this text is to look at the character of celebrate in the fourth and fifth centuries and to determine how the Christian writers wrote about the celebration. The first sources that author considered are two ancient texts of Socrates of Constantinople (Socrates Scholasticus) and Sozomen (Salminius Hermias Sozomenus) with the same names: Historia Ecclesiastica. In both works there are little chapters, in which appear the mention of the celebration, the majority of them is associated with Feast of the Passover and The First Council of Nicaea, others occur mainly on the margins of the narrative. This is because the history of the Church is here treated primarily as ‘political’ history, shaped by the decisions of great personages of the Church. The most important conclusion that emerges from these two texts is the observation that the differences in the way of celebration are not a source of division, but most of all divisions for doctrinal reasons manifest themselves in a separate celebration. The second source is The Travels of Egeria, also called The Pilgrimage of Aetheria (Itinerarium Egeriae), a letter describing the author’s travel to the holy places. In her report Egeria devotes much attention to the description of those involved in the celebration of subsequent festivals. The modern reader is struck by the generosity of crowds gathered in prayer and their vivid faith that motivates them to make long prayers going for hours. Celebration of Christians in the fourth and fifth centuries was an expression of a vivid faith. Their religion permeated life in all dimensions, and determined the essence of who they were. It was touching the inexpressible, the main aim was above all communion with Christ and the Church. Originally Christians celebrated entirely in the community of the Church, which gives a more or less clear framework to all that can be considered for celebration.
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