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Republikánská antropologie jako komunita praxe: mezi politickou ideologií Kuomintangu a formováním národa pomocí etnografického výzkumu v jihozápadní Číně

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Karlach J.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2023
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vol. 110
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issue 3
349-369
EN
The article examines the work of the first generation of Chinese anthropologists, who emulated the late-Qing intellectuals in the indigenization of colonial science through contacts with European and American colleagues. The analysis is set against the backdrop of the historical, political and ideological context of the Republic of China (1911–1949). Although the Chinese historiography ex-post profiled the anthropologists as members of two competing schools, the article argues that they rather formed a fieldwork-oriented community of practice. Within this loose community, they opened up a discursive space not only for confrontation with their common enemy during the Second SinoJapanese War but also for a critical interrogation of the racial assimilationist ethnic policies of the ruling Kuomintang. With their different approaches, the debates among them produced various conceptualizations of their common goal: a unified Chinese nation.
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Antropologie v socialistické Číně: od ústřední úlohy při konstrukci národní identity po orámování globální Iniciativy pásmo a cesta

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Karlach J., Ptáčková J., Miller S.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2024
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vol. 122
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issue 2
297-322
EN
The core of the article analyzes the historical development of Chinese anthropology from 1949 until today. First, it maps the parallel development of the anthropological terminology, thinking and practices, which together provided a scientific-theoretical basis for the subsequent political-ideological formation of the structure of the Chinese nation. Its conception is a bricolage of ethnopolitical categories, which came into being through a synergy of gradually indigenized theories of Soviet, European and American humanities and social sciences. The text further demonstrates that the historical experience of Chinese anthropology is being projected beyond the China’s borders, where it theoretically underpins the global political-economic strategy, the „Belt and Road Initiative“.
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