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EN
The article discusses case-law of the Constitutional Tribunal of Poland concerning provisions of civil law, in particular, general provisions and obligation law of the Civil Code. Constitutional case law under the Polish Constitution of 2 April 1997 r. serves as the reference point. At the outset, the nature of judicial review of the civil law as the standards governing horizontal relationships is discussed. It has been shown that the specificity of civil law provisions affects the methodology of adjudication and the effects of judgments itself. Moreover, it was pointed out that while there are public entities in the legal relationships under civil law, there are no grounds for applying constitutional guarantees of freedom and rights to such entities. Then the most important rulings and constitutional problems were discussed, i.e. incapacitation, protection of personal rights, freedom of contract, legislative interference in the ongoing contractual relationship, as well as liability for damages.
PL
By this article authors have opportunity to take part in the discussion on multilateralism, causality and non-reciprocity of civil partnership agreements in Polish legal regulation. The article provides an in-depth, normative analysis of the legal nature of a so called “civil law company” in the context of its complex, practical and theoretical organizational nature. Authors took up the civil law firm as a legal entity. As a result of the changed legal and economic context in Poland after the period of political transformation, it became necessary to redefine many issues. An example of this is the discussion on the legal status of a civil partnership as well as the controversy about its qualification as an entrepreneur or as an organization. The intention of the authors is to try to draw attention to the fact that, with such diversity of potential application of a civil law partnership in business, the maintenance of one broad regulation, which is currently included in Art. 860–875 of Polish Civil Code is non-functional.
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