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Correlation of clinico-pathologic data with inflammatory cells infiltration in colorectal cancer

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Grudzińska M., Jakubowska K., Kańczuga-Koda L., Kisielewski W., Famulski W., Smereczański N., Lomperta K., Płoński M., Rogoz-Jezierska N., Koda M.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2020
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vol. 10(1)
69-76
EN
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. At every phase of cancer development, the inflammatory process has an important impact. Accurate assessment inflammatory cells in the tumour environment in conjunction with clinico-pathologic features can be a relevant prognostic or predictive parameter. Purpose: To analyse inflammatory cell infiltration in CRC tumour mass and correlate with chosen clinico-pathologic parameters. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 160 patients (64 women, 96 men) diagnosed with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery. Tissue material obtained from routine histopathological diagnosis was stained with H&E and used to assess the type of inflammatory cells in the invasive front and centre of the tumour. Results were subjected to statistical analysis with the age and gender of patients, tumour localization, tumour growth and size, TNM stage, adenocarcinoma type, fibrosis, necrosis, metastasis and tumour invasion (by the Spearman’s correlation coefficient test). Results: The presence of neutrophils in the invasive front of tumour mass was associated with fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the invasive front of tumour. Macrophages in the invasive front of tumour were found to correlate with tumour growth (expanding and infiltrate). Macrophages and eosinophils were associated with inflammatory cell infiltration in the invasive front and in the centre of tumour. Conclusions: The type of inflammatory cells in the invasive front or centre of the tumour may be useful to prognoses clinical features of colorectal cancer
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Systemic inflammation markers in blood samples of colorectal cancer patients

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Grudzińska M., Jakubowska K., Koda M., Koda L., Kisielewski W., Smereczański N., Rogoz-Jezierska N., Famulski W.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2020
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vol. 10(1)
92-101
EN
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in Poland. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of absolute monocyte count, neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR) and monocyte­to­lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in pre- and postoperative blood samples of patients with CRC. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 160 patients diagnosed with CRC who underwent surgery. Blood samples were obtained within 3 days before and after the surgical treatment. Venous blood samples were also obtained from 42 healthy controls. Results: Pre- and postoperative NMR were significantly higher than healthy controls (p<0.0001; p<0.0001). Moreover, MLR in pre-and postoperative blood samples were higher than voluntaries (p<0.001; p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for pre and postNMR showed that the parameter exhibits strong diagnostic power (1.000). Pre- and postMLR had moderate diagnostic power amount 0.751 and 0.746. There is also correlation between monocyte count in samples obtained before and after surgery and, lymph node metastasis and size of lymph node metastasis in both cases. PreNMR value was significantly associated with venous and lymphatic invasion and the presence of cancer deposits. PostNMR was found to correlate with presence of distant metastasis and cancer cell deposits (R=0.633, p<0.001; R=0.158, p=0.040). Moreover, preMLR value was correlated with only perineural invasion. Conclusions: Analyzed hematologic markers may be useful as simply obtained parameters, next to histopathological examination, that determine a systemic immune response
3
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The growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) can be useful in the detection of distant metastases in sera of colorectal cancer patients

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Jakubowska K., Pryczynicz A., Dymicka-Piekarska V., Cepowicz D., Jagodzińska D., Lewczuk Ł., Lebelt A., Ozimkiewicz M., Kiszło P., Guzińska-Ustymowicz K.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2016
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vol. 6(1)
40-48
EN
Purpose: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF- 15) protein belongs to a transforming growth factor-β family which determines the growth and differentiation of cells. In cancers, GDF-15 influences on the proliferation, differentiation, viability, migration and invasiveness of cancer cells. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of GDF-15 in the tissue and its levels in sera of patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: The level of GDF-15 in the sera of 55 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer was determined using the ELISA method whereas expression of this protein was performed by immunohistochemical method. Results: The mean value of GDF-15 levels in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer was significantly higher than in healthy control group (p<0.001). The expression of GDF-15 in the tissue was weak, moderate and strong in 23.6%, 15.7% and 60.7% cases, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the expression of GDF-15 correlated with patients’ age (p<0.005) and non-mucinous type of cancer (p<0.001). The high GDF-15 levels in the serum was associated with tumor size (p<0.01) and distant metastases (p<0.05). Conclusions: According to our results, we postulate that the level of GDF-15 in serum can be use to assess the metastatic behavior of colorectal cancer
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Clinical usefulness of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 concentrations in the preoperative serum of patients with colorectal cancer

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Pryczynicz A., Gryko M., Dymicka-Piekarska V., Lewczuk Ł., Wakulewska A., Ozimkiewicz M., Lebelt A., Guzińska-Ustymowicz K.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2016
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vol. 6(1)
32-39
EN
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical significance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 concentrations in the sera of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Methods: The study group comprised 48 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 24 healthy controls. The serum concentration of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 proteins was evaluated by the ELISA method. Results: The mean level of MMP-2 in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer was 39.4 ng/ml and was significantly lower compared with the control (p<0.001). A decrease in TIMP-2 protein in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer was also observed where its mean level was 132.3 ng/ml. The concentration of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 did not correlated with any clinicopathological parameters, except for the patients’ age. In addition, the concentration of MMP-2 in the sera of patients with CRC correlated negatively with the number of white blood cells in the blood and the prothrombin index. The concentration of TIMP-2 correlated positively with potassium and urea concentration in the blood. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate lack of clinical usefulness of determining the levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer. However, these proteins play an important role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer.
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