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Społeczna percepcja Konstytucji RP z 1997 roku

100%
Jaskiernia J.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2017
|
issue 6(143)
69–96
EN
The author provides an analyses of social perception of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of the 2nd April 1997. This Constitution was prepared by the National Assembly based upon the results of 1993 parliamentary elections in which almost 35% of the rightist electorate did not achieve parliamentary representation because several parties did not reach a 5-percent threshold. Some political circles have questioned the moral right of that Assembly to prepare the constitution. Several initiatives has been offered to minimize that effect (e.g. opening the way to the citizen’s draft of the constitution, inviting extra-parliamentary opposition groups to join the constitutional discussions). In the text of the Constitution several proposals of the Catholic Church were accepted. Finally, however, the Constitution has represented the will of the constitutional coalition (Democratic Left Alliance, Polish People’s Party, Labor Union, Freedom Union) and national consensus has not been achieved. The Constitution was approved in the referendum (by 53.45%), showing a division in the Polish society on attitudes toward it. Social support for the Constitution was gradually diminishing since parties of the constitutional coalition lost their political position or even disappeared from parliamentary political scene. Calls for a change in the Constitution, especially after Law and Justice victory in 2005 and 2015, have refl ected the change in the social perception of the Constitution.
2
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Legal regulations in the field of cultural heritage protection in Poland after 1989 – evaluation attempt

100%
Landmann T.
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
|
2018
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1(187)
75-91
EN
This article attempts to analyze the legal regulations developed in the field of cultural heritage protection after 1989, with particular reference to the acquis after 2003. A thesis has been formulated that the period after 1989 was characterized by a clear redefinition of objectives and priorities in the field of cultural heritage protection compared to the period of the People’s Republic of Poland. To prove the thesis, the author referred to legal acts and jurisprudence, as well as to literature based on studies and articles from scientific journals on the legal protection of monuments. The research methods used were the legal acts analysis method and the literature analysis method. The presented content shows that the issue of legal protection of cultural heritage in Poland after 1989 was treated as one of the most important aspects of the long-term cultural policy of the state, although the work on the new law lasted for a relatively long time, 14 years after the political and structural transformation. The 2003 Act regulated a number of important issues regarding the protection of monuments and the care for monuments, redefining, and in many aspects setting, new directions in the field of cultural heritage protection in Poland. At the same time the legislator rejected the possibility of continuing the direction in this sphere, which had been chosen in the period between 1944 and 1989.
3
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Military Courts as Bodies of Administration of Justice

63%
Dunaj K.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
|
2015
|
vol. 24
|
issue 4
EN
The article is devoted to position of military courts in Poland – in the light of Constitution of 1997 – as bodies of administration of justice. The author has identified the place of military courts in the system of judicial power. She has indicated they exercise justice in a similar way as the ordinary courts and administrative courts. Constitutional conditions governing the position of other courts also refer to military courts. It is guaranteed in particular the principle of independence of military courts and judges adjudicating in them. Hereafter the author explained the essence of the concept of administration of justice. Referring to the discussion on this topic the author recognized the objective and subjective aspect of administrative of justice may be found in the light of the Constitution of Republic of Poland. The author discussed the specifics of the administration of justice by military courts against this background.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest pozycji ustrojowej sądów wojskowych w Polsce – na tle Konstytucji z 1997 roku – jako organów sprawujących wymiar sprawiedliwości. Autorka określiła miejsce sądów wojskowych w systemie władzy sądowniczej. Wskazała, że sprawują one wymiar sprawiedliwości na podobnej zasadzie jak sądy powszechne i sądy administracyjne. Odnoszą się do nich konstytucyjne uwarunkowania regulujące pozycję innych sądów. Zapewniona jest zwłaszcza zasada niezależności sądów wojskowych i niezawisłości orzekających w nich sędziów. W dalszej części opracowania została przybliżona istota pojęcia „wymiar sprawiedliwości”. Odnosząc się do dyskusji na ten temat, autorka uznała, że na tle Konstytucji RP można mówić o przedmiotowym i podmiotowym aspekcie wymiaru sprawiedliwości. Na tym tle omówiła też specyfikę sprawowania wymiaru sprawiedliwości przez sądy wojskowe.  
4
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The Polish Tax Ordinance Bill as an Instrument Supplementing the Constitutional Tax Law Making Principles

51%
Etel L., Popławski M.
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
|
2021
|
issue 6 (64)
491-503
PL
W artykule przedstawiono proces przygotowania projektu nowej Ordynacji podatkowej oraz jej podstawowe założenia jako kodyfikację części ogólnej prawa podatkowego w świetle konstytucyjnych zasad tworzenia prawa podatkowego. Po pierwsze, w opracowaniu tym przedstawiono znaczenie i zadania Komisji Kodyfikacyjnej Ogólnego Prawa Podatkowego. Następnie przedstawiono wady aktualnie obowiązującej Ordynacji podatkowej, które uzasadniają zastąpienie jej nową ustawą. W dalszej części artykułu omówiono założenia i cele projektu przyjętego przez Komisję. W ostatniej części przedstawiono układ merytoryczny nowej ustawy. W końcowej części wskazano na pilną potrzebę wprowadzenia nowej Ordynacji podatkowej do krajowego porządku prawnego, przy czym podkreślono, że akt ten uzupełniłaby zasady stanowienia prawa podatkowego wynikające z przepisów Konstytucji RP.
EN
The article presents the process of preparing the Polish Tax Ordinance Bill and its fundamental assumptions as the codification of the general part of taxation law in the light of constitutional rules provided for the tax law-making process. First, it focuses on the importance and the tasks of the General Taxation Law Codification Committee. Then it presents the drawbacks of the Ordinance currently in force, which justify its replacement with a new act. The next part of the article discusses the assumptions and objectives of the bill adopted by the Committee. The last part presents the substantive layout of the new act. The concluding part argues for the urgent need to introduce the new Tax Ordinance into the domestic legal system as this act would supplement the principles of tax law resulting from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
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