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Shortly after the Polish government and Polish armed forces arrived in Great Britain fol lowing the fall of France, attempts to organise Polish higher education commenced. - It is noteworthy that the first institutions of Polish higher education that were created during the war were very practical in nature. Their aim was to provide professional training for doctors, architects and engineers, who were sorely needed for the post-war reconstruction of the devastated country. Amongst the tertiary educational institutions that were newly created during the war, the largest was undoubtedly the Polish Polytechnic in London, acting at first under the auspices of the Council of Academic Technical Schools (called into being by the Ministry of Internal Affairs as early as 1942) and known as RAST, and later, after it passed under British control in 1947, as the Polish University College (PUC). During this period PUC had five engineering departments. However, in 1953 PUC was closed down and the opportunity of pursuing higher technical studies in Great Britain in accordance with the programme of Polish Polytechnics was thus brought to an end. In July 1963 the Council of Academic Technical Schools became part of the Polish University Abroad, forming its Department of Technical Studies. The Department did not provide regular courses, since it lacked the means to do so. Its role, until recently, largely consisted in supervising the diploma studies of students who had completed academic studies at other Polish or foreign higher education establishments, and who needed only a thesis and final examination in order to obtain their Masters degree in engineering. The diplomas awarded by PUNO prior to 1989 were recognised by the authorities in Poland according to a special Act passed by the Polish Parliament (Sejm).
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