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EN
The purpose of the article is to verify how the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic outbreak influenced the decisions to apply the countercyclical capital buffer in the EEA and whether, based on the experience gained so far in applying the countercyclical capital buffer in the EEA, it is possible to clearly distinguish between the models of its application. Methodology used to achieve this, was to built the field of research and to perform a comparative analysis of macroeconomic data on the application of the above-mentioned instrument in the EEA during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Results of the research are two methods and two variants of the application of the countercyclical capital buffer that were distinguished and named, indicating the benefits and challenges of using each of them. Moreover, the limited usefulness of the standardized and additional gap was confirmed in the light of the conducted research, available in the literature. The article concludes with recommendations for further research.
PL
Reformy bankowe Bazylea zawierają regulacje ostrożnościowe, których głównym zadaniem jest ograniczanie ryzyka podejmowanego przez banki, związanego z ich działalnością kredytową. Instrumentem makroostrożnościowym, dzięki któremu jest możliwe złagodzenie cyklicznych wahań poziomu kredytu w gospodarce i ich konsekwencji dla gospodarki, jest antycykliczny bufor kapitałowy. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie antycyklicznego bufora kapitałowego w kontekście reform bankowych Bazylea. W artykule zweryfikowano hipotezę mówiącą, że antycykliczny bufor kapitałowy jest istotnym instrumentem zawartym w regulacjach polityki makroostrożnościowej ujętych w bazylejskich reformach bankowych. W części empirycznej przeprowadzono analizę danych dla Polski, Unii Europejskiej, strefy euro oraz w wybranych państwach, w Niemczech i we Włoszech.
EN
The Basel banking reforms contain prudential regulations. The main task of these reforms is the reduction of the risk associated with the banks’ credit activity. The countercyclical capital buffer is a macroprudential instrument, thanks to which it is possible to mitigate the cyclical fluctuations in the level of credit in the economy and their consequences for the economy The aim of the article is to present a countercyclical capital buffer in the context of the Basel’s banking reforms. In this article we verified the hypothesis that the countercyclical capital buffer is an important instrument contained in macroprudential policy regulations included in Basel banking reforms. In the empirical part, we analyzed the data for Poland, the European Union, the euro area and for selected countries: Germany and Italy.
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