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EN
The rapid pace of digital media development implies social and cultural changes. The role of the school is to prepare the human being for the world dominated by these changes. Education 4.0 is one of the concepts for the comprehensive development of the human being. The first part of the article presents the chronology of changes in education in relation to the evolving digital media. Hence, the source of the changes and the subsequent stages of the concept from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 are described. The second part of the article describes Education 4.0 and its components, the implementation of which in the learning and teaching process is a challenge for the contemporary school. The components described include: -Internet of Things, -the Cloud Computing, -Big Data analytics, -Autonomous Process Organisation, -Augmented Reality, -Horizontal and Vertical Integration, -Advanced Robots and Co-robots. The practical considerations on Education 4.0 follow from the reflections presented by a primary school headmaster who is also an academic staffmember.
EN
The article analyses the Green Passport established in Lithuania (named Opportunity Passport) and the proportionality of the imposed limitations on human rights. For the analysis, the German proportionality test is employed and its application to this particular instrument of pandemic management. The article explores the suitability of the aim of the Opportunity Passport, trying to clarify what were the aims sought by the Opportunity passport. Further, in analysing the first step of the proportionality test -suitability- the authors explore the theoretic possibility to attain the pandemic management goals by limiting the access to certain services and events only for vaccinated persons or those having proof of their immunity status. Furthermore, the second step – necessity – is analysed, that is whether the measures were necessary in the absence of other, more lenient but equally effective means of achieving the intended objectives. Lastly, the third step of the three-tier test includes the assessment of the proportionality in the strict sense (stricto sensu) of the restricting measure: is the chosen sanction disproportionate to the constraints imposed on it, does the scale of the measure meet its objectives or will the likely (outset) benefits outweigh the potential losses. The Opportunity Passport legal regulation and the limitations imposed by it are weighed against the gravity of human rights limitations. The last chapter discusses the regulation of Opportunity Passport and its aspects in the context of the prohibition of discrimination. Conclusions of the publication are made on the basis of careful examination of theory and facts.
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EN
I developed a method of ‘Impressionistic research’ during the Covid pandemic to enable non-contact data collection and its ethical dissemination. During daily lengthy walks, I added material observed and overheard to that gleaned from personal contacts, practising a form of rural flanêurie. To ensure anonymity for my direct, but limited, sources, I then created composite fictionalised stories that demonstrate human adaptation and resourcefulness throughout the life-course. Incidental learning is evident in these stories imagined but also in my researcher narrative as I was finding a new way of working when social distancing proscribed biographical interviews. Thus, this article describes a methodological innovation alongside the snapshots of life in lockdown in England.
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