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EN
This article concerns the transitions of cultural landscapes, especially of viticultural landscapes. The authors do not aim to present new definition of the term “landscape” but base their study on the existing output of Polish and foreign scholars. The fact that cultural landscapes are in a constant state of flux is stressed, and periods of both development and regression are included. These phenomena are illustrated with reference to the transformations of Poland's viticultural landscapes, the cultural landscapes of the Palmeral de Elche, and the mouth of the Vistula, as well as the metamorphosis of the landscape of Alto Douro. These examples may be an apt illustration of F. Braudel's concept of “longue durée”.
EN
This paper focuses on a village in the Czech borderland: its beginnings in the Middle Ages as an agricultural settlement; its development as a thriving locality predominantly for mining and industry from the 18th to the 20th century; the consequences of the expulsion of its German population after World War II; the attempts of the new Czechoslovakian state to revive the locality by settling Czech re-emigrants from foreign countries in the village, and its destruction in the 1970s as a result of open-cast brown coal mining. The main lines of industry and protagonists of the village’s different historical periods are described in this paper. The village of Lipnice – located near Loket nad Ohří – is used as an example of the history of more than two thousand vanished communities in the Czech borderland.
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