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French Language Teaching within the Czech Education System 1870–1930: school System, Official Teaching Methods and Textbooks

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Prošková A.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
|
2014
|
vol. special issue
108-124
EN
The aim of the present paper is to specify the position of French language teaching within the Czech education system in the 1870s–1930s. The period was marked by important education reforms concerning not only the school system and the general structure of subjects taught, but also the official methods used in foreign-language teaching. The changes in society, culture and education led to what is today called the Golden Age of Francophony in Bohemia, a time when French language dominated as the language of diplomacy and of the cultural and social elite. It also represented the second most widely-studied foreign language at Czech secondary schools besides German. The status of French-language teaching is presented from three different perspectives. Firstly, we focus on specific types of schools where French language had appeared for the first time as a regular subject, then on the most important education reforms which had led to the development of these schools. Secondly, we analyze the official or otherwise influential methods of teaching modern languages used in the Czech educational environment, and finally we briefly present the corpus of period French-language textbooks which is currently being analysed within our dissertation thesis research. The contribution is largely based on primary-source texts: Methodology of French and German Languages from 1916 and on Methodology of French Language published in 1926 by professor and methodologist Jaroslav Otakar Hruška, who was also the author of the so-called Mediation or Analytic-Synthetic Method (metoda zprostředkovací), as well as on selected works on the history of pedagogy and on analyses of the most frequently used period textbooks.
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