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Výzkum mezi krajany

100%
Havránek P.
Národopisný věstník
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2009
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vol. 26_(68)
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issue 1
234-239
EN
In the Croatia territory, the Czechs are concentrated predominantly in the area of the northwestern Slavonia. Center of this region with relatively compact Czech settlement is the town of Daruvar. Before and after the World War I, when the Czechoslovak Foreign Institute and the National Czechoslovak Council were established, the interest in this region increased. In 1930’s the Czechoslovak Foreign Institute initiated a mapping survey of this region, which was, however, not completed. The further initiative was launched several decades later. A research of culture of the Czech colony in the Daruvar region was carried out in 1965-70 by the Ethnography and Folklore Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (ČSAV) and the Folk Art Institute in Zagreb. More recent works devoted to the Czechs living in Croatia originate primarily in the country itself. My research in the region was realized above all in the form of interviews. I received a lot of necessary information from the Czech Union archives and from the local professional literature. In comparison with the previous research and with respect to the several-decade distance, it was possible to trace the process of acculturation and assimilation and to estimate its possible development. The accessible printed materials and literature are of miscellaneous origin. they partly come from the Czechoslovak Foreign Institute employees - Antonín Šembera, Rudolf Turčín and Jan Auerhan. Many valuable documents are deposited in the Central State Archive in Prague, in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs archive as well as in the Náprstek Museum’s archive. A rich archive is situated in the seat of the Czech Union in Croatia - in the Czech House in Daruvar. It contains many documents from the life of the Czech minority. The collections in this archive were assorted with the help of the Czech Republic, that is to say by archivists from the Central State Archive in Prague who had been working here for several years since 2001.
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Reemigrace Čechů a Slováků po první světové válce

88%
Vaculík J.
Historica: revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy (Historica: Review in history and related sciences)
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2016
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vol. 7
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issue 2
156-166
EN
The issue of Czechoslovaks returning from abroad after the Great War has received little attention to date in the Czech historiography. A clarification of this issue is, however, essential to understanding the migratory processes of this period in their entirety. It is practically impossible to separate the re-emigration of Czechs and Slovaks who had settled abroad before the war from the repatriation of persons forced across the borders during the course of the war (e.g. prisoners of war from the Austro-Hungarian army), since both occurred at the same period of time in the years 1918–1923 and the two groups of returnees frequently returned together.
3

“I can’t speak German so I can’t communicate with them”: Language use in intergroup contact between Czechs and Germans

88%
Petrjánošová M.
Human Affairs
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2012
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vol. 22
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issue 1
69-78
EN
The aim of this article is to present empirical findings about language use and attitudes in intergroup contact from one of the European borderlands along the former Iron Curtain more than twenty years after it fell. The data was collected as part of an international research project Intergroup attitudes and intergroup contact in five Central European countries, which concentrates on the interplay of intergroup contact and perceptions between members of neighbouring nations in the border regions of the Czech Republic and each of the neighbouring states-Slovakia, Poland, Austria and Germany. The main data collection method used is an online questionnaire with different attitude and evaluation scales, as well as a feeling thermometer of emotional relations and open statements (N=2900). In this text I use thematic and basic critical discursive analysis only on the open statements from the Czech (N=210) and German (N=152) borderlands about the situations of contact and the following evaluation of the Others. I show how the linguistic competence and also the interest in the language of the Other are distributed very unevenly; the implicit norm almost always being that the Czechs should speak German. Of course, this situation has in some cases strong emotional consequences.
4
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The attitude of pedagogy students to staying in their homeland and some selected aspects of their sense of life satisfaction in the Polish-Czech-Slovak perspective

75%
Szafrańska A.
Edukacja Międzykulturowa
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2022
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vol. 19
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issue 4
67-78
EN
The existing borders have very often lost their meaning and do not fulfil the functions assigned to them for many centuries. Today, especially in Europe, many borders are “dematerialized” and exist mostly in the memory and consciousness of people. Contemporary academic youth is in a special situation – they participate in the rapidly changing sociocultural world and, at the same time, experience some phenomena that have never been present on such a large scale. The reflection upon the young, learning generation of Czechs, Poles and Slovaks is associated with an attempt to find answers to many questions, among which those regarding plans for the future and the sense of life satisfaction seem to be of great significance. What I have recognized as important is finding out if the young plan their future during their studies and/or work abroad and how they assess their sense of life satisfaction, taking into account two aspects – their family life and financial situation.
5
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Češi v Bulharsku — pokus o typologii současných komunit. Specifická kulturní nabídka pro tyto skupiny, centra jejich setkávání

75%
Churtajeva K.
Studia Ethnologica Pragensia
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2020
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issue 2
84-93
EN
The article’s topics is current context and relations within a community of Czechs living in Bulgaria; the text is focused on the last twenty years. The article makes a closer look into the community and distinguishes main groups of Czechs or other people connected to the Czech Republic. The descendants and the heirs of large historical Czech communities in Bulgaria are members of Czechoslovak Compatriots’ Club in Sofia and its’ two other branches in Plovdiv and Varna. Another significant group of Czechs living in Bulgaria are temporarily settled expats. The article describes those two main groups, defines their sub-groups, main activities, tries to locate them and quantifies the groups. The second part of the article brings an overview of what types of socio-cultural institutions there are — compatriot’s clubs, the Czech cultural centre, organized activities of academics — and what the institutions offer to the compatriot’s community.
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Přesídlování Čechů, Slováků, Poláků a Němců z bývalého Sovětského svazu do vlasti jejich předků

75%
Valášková N., Pojarová T.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2009
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vol. 96
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issue 3
225-245
EN
The article focuses on the problem of resettlement of Czechs, Slovaks, Poles and Germans who lived on the territory of the former Soviet Union, to the countries of their forefathers. It is centered especially on the period of the 1990s. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the year 1991 important streams of migration occurred, especially out of those former Soviet republics with certain ethnic minorities. The Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Germany arranged conditions for the resettlement of their countrymen and their family members in the areas of legislature as well as the material support. While in the case of Czechs, Slovaks and Poles smaller groups were resettled (1–3 thousands of persons), there were about 2 millions of Germans.
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Slovakofilství českých „realistů“1 v předvečer první světové války

75%
Harna J.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2014
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vol. 22
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issue 2
39-69
EN
Slovakophilism was a deeply-differentiated cultural and spiritual current which developed in the Czech milieu at the time of the national revival, and culminated in the years before the outbreak of the First World War. Its main objective was to encourage the intellectual and emotional rapprochement between Czech and Slovaks. It also aimed to contribute to promote Slovak society’s development. To reach their aims, the Slovakophiles made use of Czech political realism as one of the many currents of thought available. Czech realist media inexhaustibly published series of essays familiarising Czech readers with the Slovak world and giving suggestions for other activities which could promote understanding of the differences and accelerate the rapprochement process. Thanks to these activities, the base was created which later allowed for the development of the concept of a common state.
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České symbolické javy v slovenskom kultúrnom prostredí a ich funkcie v 19. storočí

63%
Škvarna D.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2019
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vol. 27
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issue 1
1-21
EN
The content and the meaning of Czech symbolic phenomena was not uniform in the Slovak environment. The participation of Slavs (i.e. Czechs and Slovaks) in creation of a civilisation was demonstrated by means of these phenomena and they were chiefly considered a counterbalance to Hungarian or German symbols. During the national conflicts and struggles at the time, which were restricted by the prejudice and biases against the other side (positive Slavs, negative Hungarians and Germans), these phenomena were chiefly intended to reinforce the selfrespect and self-confidence of Slovak intellectuals. The Czechoslovak dimension of these symbols played a similar defensive role.
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Problém národní identity v díle Edvarda Beneše

63%
Janák D.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2014
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vol. 50
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issue 2
233-264
EN
This article examines the sociology of Edvard Beneš and looks in particular at the questions of whether and how his sociology came to be reflected in his political work, in particular in connection with nationality issues, and whether and how it played a role in the construction of Czechoslovak national identity (based on a synthesis of Czech and Slovak national identities). The article consists of two main parts, the first of which focuses on how Beneš made the conceptual and practical transition from theory to practice, from sociology to politics, a form of politics described here as ‘academic’, while the second is devoted to the issue of nationality in Beneš’s sociology and politics from the perspective of the sociology of social identities. Beneš’s sociology had an instrumental role in the formation of Czechoslovak national identity, most notably with respect to the construction of social boundaries of ‘us’ and ‘them’ in relation to Germans (especially between Czechs on one hand and Germans on the other), and it offered objects of national identification typical for the national movements of small nations and specifically of Czech society. The article devotes special attention to Beneš’s discursive construction and legitimation of Czechoslovak nationality and to the issue of the definition of nationality in the ‘Beneš decrees’.
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Spór sądowy pomiędzy Václavem Hankou a Davidem Kuhem w świetle działań austriackiej policji przeciwko czeskim budzicielom narodowym

63%
Spyra A.
Folia Historica Cracoviensia
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2019
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vol. 25
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issue 1
EN
This essay presents the activity of the Austrian secret police that led to legal action being taken up in 1859. That year, Václav Hanka sued David Kuh, the founder and editor of the Prague newspaper “Tagesbote aus Böhmen”, for defamation, after the latter published a series of anonymous articles in his paper, accusing Hanka of forging The Queen’s Court Manuscript and The Green Mountain Manuscript. For several decades, both works influenced the shaping of the Czech political nation, and as it later transpired, the Aus­trian police were behind the attacks on their authenticity. Further piquancy is added by the fact that thirty years later, Hanka was indeed recognised as the author of the aforementioned manuscripts.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje działania austriackiej tajnej policji, które doprowadziły do tego, że w roku 1859 Václav Hanka pozwał Davida Kuha, wydawcę pra­skiej gazety „Tagesbote aus Böhmen”, o to, że ten naruszył jego dobre imię, publikując w swojej gazecie serię anonimowych artykułów zarzucających mu, że sfałszował on rękopisy królowodworski i zielonogórski. Oba dzie­ła przez kilka dziesięcioleci miały wpływ na kształtowanie się ówczesne­go politycznego narodu czeskiego, a za tym atakiem na ich prawdziwość, jak się później okazało, stała austriacka policja. Pikanterii sprawie dodaje fakt, że trzydzieści lat później Hanka rzeczywiście został uznany za autora wspomnianych rękopisów.
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Chekhi v Rossii v gody Velikoy voyny : mezhdu pravoslaviyem i katolitsizmom

63%
Něnaševa Z. S.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2019
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vol. 105
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issue 3
397-418
EN
This paper focuses on the efforts of functionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church to propagate the Orthodox faith among Catholic Czechs who came to the territory of the Russian Empire during the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, with the goal of achieving their conversion from Catholicism to the Orthodox faith. The period of the so-called Great War or First World War is the focus of attention, but only until the autumn of 1917 with regard to the political changes taking place in the Russian Empire. The efforts of Orthodox preachers and other functionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church to influence the spiritual profile of Catholic Czechs, who were joined by defectors from the Austrian-Hungarian armies and prisoners of Czech nationality at the time, culminated during the World War. As sources of Russian and other provenience demonstrate, not even the universal support of the Petrograd Holy Synod assured the success of these efforts. The paper also demonstrates that the entire matter was meticulously monitored by the Papal Curia. This paper, which is of an analytical nature, is valuable due to the newly discovered sources, which correspond with the conclusions of existing literature about the conversion of Czechs in Russia to the Orthodox faith to a specific degree.
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Dziewiętnastowieczna historia Czechów w świetle ukraińskiej historiografii minionego trzydziestolecia (1991–2020)

63%
Świątek A.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2022
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issue 3 (34)
124-163
EN
The article is an attempt to describe the achievements of contemporary Ukrainian historiography on the 19th century history of the Czechs and Czechia. The author analyzed syntheses, monographs and journal articles published in Ukraine in 1991–2020. In particular, three directions of research conducted in Ukraine were noticed: the Czech-Ukrainian intellectual, educational and cultural contacts in the Habsburg Monarchy, the Czech minority and its elites in the Ukrainian lands in the Russian Empire, and the history of the Czech lands in general.
13

Bilingualismus / Zweisprachigkeit als literarisches Phänomen in den böhmischen Ländern im „langen“ 19. Jahrhundert. Das Prolegomenon zu einem Projekt

63%
Petrbok V.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
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2014
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vol. 137
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issue 1-2
97-107
EN
This study – a proposal of a project – seeks to investigate, on the basis of numerous documents from the cultural milieu, the extent to which Czech-German literary bilingualism has influenced the literary, cultural, social and political life in the Czech lands of the “long” 19th century (about 1770–1914/18), with the outlook in the Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938). The analysis tries to work out the objective of the specific position of the literary bilingualism in the polylingual Lands of the Bohemian Crown and suggests its possible systematization. The paper touches also upon the question of the (possible) continuation and progression of the active literary bilingualism after the Czech and German nation-building and the national unity.
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Sąsiedzi: stereotyp Czecha na podstawie badań społecznych i źródeł internetowych

63%
Gołąbek E., Kulesza J., Rygiel B.
Świat i Słowo
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 2(21)
265-272
EN
[The article discusses the Czech stereotype on the basis of social and online sources.]
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I was expecting her to be a fanatic Catholic, but she was not. How International Exchange Programmes Reduce Prejudice

63%
Leix A.
The New Educational Review
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2013
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vol. 31
205-216
EN
The text deals with the question of the influence of international exchange programmes on reducing ethnic prejudices in their participants. Apart from a brief introduction into the issue of reducing prejudice, it comprises 392 free responses of Czech respondents, predominantly students, who have filled out an online survey as part of the project Intergroup Attitudes and Intergroup Contact in Central Europe. The participants gave accounts of their real contacts with Polish people, oftentimes within the framework of international exchange programmes, Erasmus in particular. Based on the comparison of the results of the qualitative analysis of the statements with the conditions of successful reduction of prejudices, one can suggest that international exchange programmes should have a positive influence on reducing negative ethnic stereotypes and prejudices among their participants.
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ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНА ІДЕЯ НА СЛОВ’ЯНСКОМУ КОНГРЕСІ В ПРАЗІ 1848 РОКУ

51%
Bevzyuk E.
Міжнародні зв’язки України: наукові пошуки і знахідки
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2018
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issue 27
EN
It is a historical fact that the objective conditions for the successful practical implementation of the idea of regional European integration first emerged in Central and Eastern Europe. However, the theoretical basis and first practical attempts to uptake the ideas of European states unity have deep historical roots, which should be taken into account in the study of modern European integration processes. Each of the European actors (Germans, Austrians, Czechs, Slovaks) has a unique historical experience of regional and continental policies formation and implementation. The first half of the 19th century was marked by the beginning of the active national self-determination process of the peoples of Central and Southeast Europe. At this stage of history traditions were being destroyed, nations began to emerge, and Slavic politicians worked on the content of their national projects. And the final result of many politicians’ plans of the Austrian Empire was the construction of national states. In any case, the national ideologists’ positive attitude towards the idea of a civilized cultural unity of the peoples of Europe remained unchanged. It was on its basis that the keystone of national ideologies was built. Accordingly, the aim of the article has been to study the idea of Austro-Slavism as the theoretical project of integration of the peoples of Central and Eastern Europe. The research has proved that in the 1830’s and 1840’s ethnic European elites directed their intelligence towards the formation of their national and cultural framework. Therefore the organization of the Slavic Congress in 1848 became a reaction to the national processes in Europe. The Congress should be considered as one of the links in the overall chain of growing European nationalism. At the Slavic Assembly the Czechs put forward the idea of federalist Austro-Slavism. The idea itself was quite often valued mainly as a small, regional Slavic- Austrian project. Such an assessment should be considered as somewhat incomplete. The materials of the Congress confirm that the idea of Austro- Slavism should be considered as a promising concept in terms of determining the future of the united Europe. European Thought, as part of a comprehensive idea of the unity of European civilization, gradually became a spiritual tradition that passed from generation to generation of the Slavic politicians. The basis for numerous projects of the “United Europe” was laid. Only today the European community can understand that a new ideological content of the emancipation of the monarchy was laid in the federalist approach — the implementation of a supranational construction of a state that in the long run could be a model of Pan-European significance.
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Czeski Bóg? Religijność Czechów jako wynik tradycji społeczno-kulturowych

51%
Bogoczová I.
Edukacja Międzykulturowa
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2020
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vol. 13
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issue 2
50-68
EN
The aim of the article is a presentation of special traits of the Czech Church life and the religiosity of Czechs. The author has been inspired by works of mainly Czech scholars (like Petr Fiala, Dana Hamplová, Tomáš Halík, Pavel Hošek, Jan Jandourek, Max Kašparů, Dušan Lužný, David Václavík, Michal Martinek, Zdeněk R. Nešpor, Pavel Říčan, Ivo O. Štampach, O. Štěch, David Václavík) and develops their ideas. Those ideas concern mainly the stereotype of a Czech, character of a Czech believer and a priest, as well as the Czech Church. The author explains specific traits of those ideas in the historic context of events and their interpretations. The article sums up with a conclusion and a presentation to the reader of a picture of the “Czech God”.
PL
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja specyfiki czeskiego Kościoła i religijności Czechów. Autorka inspiruje się pracami głównie czeskich badaczy (Petr Fiala, Dana Hamplová, Tomáš Halík, Pavel Hošek, Jan Jandourek, Max Kašparů, Dušan Lužný, David Václavík, Michal Martinek, Zdeněk R. Nešpor, Pavel Říčan, Ivo O. Štampach, O. Štěch, David Václavík) i rozwija zawarte w nich myśli. Zajmuje się stereotypem Czecha, charakterystyką czeskiego wierzącego, czeskiego duchownego oraz czeskiego Kościoła, znajdując źródła wskazanych odmienności w wydarzeniach historycznych i ich interpretacji. W zakończeniu artykułu przedstawiono wnioski i przybliżono odbiorcy „obraz czeskiego Boga”.
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Alfred Klaar: berlínské reflexe rodných končin

51%
Topor M.
Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense
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2017
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vol. 14
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issue 27
39-59
EN
The aim of the paper is to develop at least a part of a voice which is still difficult to understand in the Czech language environment, the voice of the others, (ex-rivals), the ‘expelledʼ, and to anchor it in the work and politics of remembering, registering and writing history of one specific author (we are talking about the continuity of perspective: about fidelity to images, local mythology, its logic). For thirty years, Alfred Klaar (born as Karpeles in 1848 in Prague) co-established Prague discourse in German language from various positions (as a journalist, theatre critic, representative of various societies, ceremony speaker, associate professor of the local German polytechnic etc.). When he moved to Berlin in July 1899, he was almost fifty-one years old. He left his home (both in the narrow sense of the word, as well as the wider sense of ‘Austrian homeʼ, so important to him), but he always kept the world he had lived in for so long in his mind and preserved many links with it in spite of the geographical distance. He also returned to his homeland on various occasions (funerals and other ceremonies, lectures) and he also remained talked about primarily among the Prague German circles; as a piece of memorabilia he was dusted and remembered in stories, and at the same time rightfully seen and honoured as a foreign envoy and speaker of compatriot cultural and political interests. Klaar spoke about Prague, his ‘father townʼ, and the lands near the Prussian border through the history of the German-speaking enclave, while Czechs only occurred sporadically in his retrospect writing. He repeated his thesis about an environment destroyed by ‘Slavic egoismʼ and belligerence, he spoke of the role of the German community in Czech lands as a heroic cultural mission, ungratefully displaced by the dominant policy of Czechisation in the second half of the 19th century, which strived to ‘impress upon the city a unilateral Slavic characterʼ. Only with reluctance did he adapt to the factual geopolitical development — he saw the post-war situation of the German minority in Czechoslovakia as a continuation of unfair marginalisation of his fellow countrymen.
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THE SUPRANATIONAL IDEA OF THE PEOPLES OF CENTRAL EUROPE (first half of the 19th century)

38%
Bevzyuk E., Tabanyukhova O.
Міжнародні зв’язки України: наукові пошуки і знахідки
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2020
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issue 29
181-200
EN
National movement and further development of national benchmarks of the European peoples at the beginning of the revolution of 1848–1849 are one of the most socio-political contextualized pages in the past of the Slavik peoples in Europe. The research is considered to be topical since the process of formation of national ideology in the 19th century, that occured in the Slavs environment, took place in terms of distribution of the national principle and state formation in the majority of the European countries. The purpose of the research is to enlighten the course, laws and specifics of formation of the national paradigm at the beginning of the revolution of 1848–1849. The object of the study is the national movement of the Slavs, the subject of scientific analysis is the national ideology developing under the influence of both internal and external factors. To achieve the main goal of the research the author has considered it to be necessary to solve a number of the following tasks: to scientifically, logically, argumentatively and coherently lay out specifics of the process of Slavic national ideology formation and reveal its main features. It should be emphasized that by the beginning of the revolution the national patriotic mood was not limited merely by the demand of the cultural reforms, it gradually transformed into the context of new political and socio-economic ideas. At the same time, in the meaning of national paradigm of the Slavic National Movement the idea of its moderation or passive opposition actualized drastically. In general, national paradigm was a certain mixture of political ideas, in which political freedom – democracy, social and personal guarantees – took a somewhat secondary place, the struggle for the national justice with its moral and cultural principles, became dominant. On the eve of the 1848 revolution western Slavs were involved in the process of modernizing their national ideology. Al though this process was an all-European phenomen on and large ethnic units were under going self-determination, the spiritual renaissance of the western Slavs had specific regional and ethnic characteristics, thus attracting the political attention of the governments of great empires – the Austrian and the Russian. For Russia, the biggest Slavonic country, the idea of the general Slavonic ethnic unity as well as the Pan-Slavistic ideology were not only of scientific character, but also served as a factor of geopolitical interest
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Czeska mniejszość na Wołyniu w latach okupacji niemieckiej (1941–1944)

38%
Zitek A.
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
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2018
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issue 32
502-519
PL
II wojna światowa spowodowała wybuch krwawych konfliktów na tle narodowościowym i etnicznym. Szczególnie niebezpiecznym miejscem stała się była gubernia wołyńska, gdzie dochodziło do niewyobrażalnych aktów przemocy. Prawie od stu lat te tereny zamieszkiwali m.in. nieliczni Czesi, którzy starali się przetrwać różne zawirowania wokół nich. Ataki na czeską mniejszość na Wołyniu ustały wraz z końcem II wojny światowej, gdy większość Czechów postanowiła wrócić do ojczyzny.
EN
World War II caused the outbreak of bloody conflicts on the grounds of nationality and ethnicity. The former Volhynian Governorate, where unimaginable acts of violence took place, became a particularly dangerous place. For almost one hundred years, these areas were inhabited by, among others, few Czechs who tried to survive various turmoil around them. Attacks on the Czech minority in Volhynia ceased with the end of World War II when the majority of Czechs decided to return to their homeland.
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