Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 3

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  DADA
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
The article deals with the relationship between video art with the dadaist tradition, and shows how some of the principles of the creators of the Great Avant Garde were developed in the period when artists started to reach for electronic media as means of artistic expression. References to the Dada tradition have a heterogeneous character within video art. This is due to the multi faceted use of this medium by various artists - for some it served above all as means of recording performance art, for others it became a matter that replaced more traditional materials used in art. Pitrus refers to many examples, e.g. the work of Bill Viola, Nam June Paik as well as Steina and Woody Vasulka.
XX
CUTTING WITH DADA KITCHEN KNIFE THE LAST WEIMAR AND THE CULTURAL ERA IN GERMANY FATTENED WITH BEER Is art a kind of childish game? Hanna Höch produced an artistic photomontage. She concentrated on new artistic methods by female artists used in Germany during and shortly after WWI. As the background, there is a socio-mental situation in Germany, which shaped the perception of art by a woman outside traditionalistic, bourgeois environment. Hannah Höch belonged to the Dadaist group in Berlin. The group included the whole array of artists who later gained recognition. Grzych described the Dadaist movement in the context of their origin and philosophy as well as their decline in the forthcoming years. Also, she described the rise of the trends which later destroyed freedom and resulted in national socialism. Is the dying of carefree movements associated with stiffening and brutalization of thinking about politics? The answer to this question is left to the reader, as well as the commentary to that period in art history.
EN
In the years 1925–1929, Martinů composed five ballets and four operas. At the time, he was already fully acclimatised to the creative environment of the Parisian avant-garde scene. The themes and style of his stage works were radical in their time; Martinů’s sharply dissonant music combined highly cultured classical instruments with the instruments and musical characteristics of contemporary jazz. In particular, six avant-garde opuses, composed from the second half of 1927 onward, ranked him among the most promising talents of the young generation. For a surprisingly long time, Martinů did not reflect in his work the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. In 1930 he wrote his last jazz ballet and began composing a three-act opera, Le jour de Bonté (The Day of Good Deeds), on Ribemont-Dessaignes’ libretto. Work on it was abruptly interrupted in April 1931. At that time, however, he had already finished the cantata Legenda o svaté Dorotě (Legend of St Dorothy), which hinted at a fundamental change of theme and style. Instead of French texts Martinů began to set Czech lyrics to music and focused his attention almost exclusively on Czech theatres. He significantly simplified the means of expression and, in his own words, began to strive for “folk theatre”. A characteristic feature of his stage work became the mixing of genres – Legenda o svaté Dorotě was later incorporated into the “ballet with singing” Špalíček (The Chap Book). Over the next four years, Martinů followed up Špalíček with the operas Hry o Marii (The Plays of Mary) and Divadlo za bránou (The Theatre Beyond the Gate), to create what he himself called the “Czech trilogy”. Such a radical change in genre, means of expression, and target audience in his work raises questions. To what extent was it a response to the global economic crisis and Martinů’s difficult financial situation? Did he want to establish a constructive approach in times of economic crisis instead of the consciously destructive Dada influence from the time of economic prosperity? Or is it possible to understand his sudden inclination towards “folk theatre” as a logical step in the context of a similar development of other composers of the 1930s?
CS
V letech 1925–1929 složil Martinů, tou dobou již aklimatizovaný v tvůrčím prostředí pařížské avantgardy, pět baletů a čtyři opery. Jejich témata i styl byly ve své době radikální, v ostře disonantní hudbě kombinoval Martinů tradiční nástroje vysoké kultury s nástroji a hudebními postupy charakteristickými pro tehdejší jazz. Zejména šesti avantgardními opusy, složenými od druhé poloviny roku 1927 se zařadil mezi nejslibnější talenty mladé generace. Černé úterý na newyorské burze v říjnu 1929 Martinů zaznamenal, ale překvapivě dlouho ve své tvorbě nereflektoval. V prvních dvou měsících následujícího roku vytvořil svůj poslední jazzový balet Šach králi a vzápětí dokonce začal na libreto Ribemonta-Dessaignese skládat tříaktovou celovečerní operu Den dobročinnosti. Práci na ní náhle přerušil v dubnu 1931. V té době měl ale již rozpracovanou Legendu o sv. Dorotě, v níž se rýsovala zásadní změna námětů a hudebního stylu jeho jevištních děl. Martinů začal zhudebňovat české texty a zaměřil svou pozornost takřka výhradně na česká divadla. Skladatel výrazně zjednodušil výrazové prostředky a začal podle vlastních slov usilovat o „lidové divadlo“. Charakteristickým rysem jeho jevištní tvorby se stalo míšení žánrů – kantáta Legenda o sv. Dorotě byla později začleněna do „baletu se zpěvy“ Špalíček. Ten Martinů během následujících čtyř let doplnil o celovečerní opery Hry o Marii a Divadlo za bránou na „českou trilogii“. Tak radikální změna žánru, výrazových prostředků i adresáta své tvorby vyvolává otázky. Do jaké míry šlo o reakci na světovou hospodářskou krizi a skladatelovu tíživou finanční situaci? Měl snad sociálně silně vnímavý Martinů potřebu nastolit místo bořícího DADA doby hospodářské prosperity konstruktivní přístup v době ekonomické krize? Nebo je možné chápat skladatelův příklon k lidovému divadlu jako logickou vývojovou změnu v kontextu obdobného vývoje dalších skladatelů 30. let?
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.