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EN
The article focuses on one of the key figures within the Slovak politics: Andrej Cvinček (1880 – 1949), Catholic priest, vice president of the Czechoslovak Interim National Assembly and vice president of the Slovak National Assembly. Much has not been scientifically published about him so far. Cvinček, however, is one of those persons who influenced the modern national history of the 20th century. He belongs to the small Catholic elite who alienated himself with the politics of the Slovak People´s Party and forcefully criticized its party leaders. He sided with the thoughts of the Czech minister Ján Šrámek and become the vice president of the Czechoslovak People´s Party in Slovakia. During the war he did not consent to the politics of the Slovak state and actively offered resistance. After the war, when he was already a member of the Slovak National Assembly, he co-founded the Christian Republican Party as he ceased to work within the presidency of the Democratic Party, which was a result of the April Agreement. He was an important and prominent person and a significant influencer of the political, religious and cultural life in Slovakia.
EN
Ján Ševčík is today one of the forgotten figures in Czechoslovak history. Although he took part in a great number of important historical events of the first half of the 20th century, he was not generally one of the best-known carriers of these changes. His first prominent role did not come until February 1948, when he helped Gottwald build a new political regime by seizing the Democratic Party and transforming it into a loyal satellite of the Communists, renamed the Party of Slovak Revival, which participated in the National Front until the Velvet Revolution. In addition to social and political changes, his life story also shows us some unknown sides of historical personalities, such as Jozef Tiso, Ján Ursíny or Viliam Široký. Through their mutual interactions, we can also trace his entire activities and place them in the broader context of the development of the Czechoslovak Republic in the first half of the 20th century.
EN
German issues were widely addressed in 'Prostokat', a magazine published by the Democratic Party in Krakow in 1940-1945, and 'Dziennik Polski', an underground daily published by the Polish Democracy Party. These included various studies on the presence and future of Germany. Different solutions were proposed in different areas, e.g. responsibility of Germans for the outbreak of the Second World War, post-war Germany, future Polish-German border, German minority in liberated Poland.
Vojenská história
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2022
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vol. 26
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issue 2
133 - 158
EN
The submitted material study vividly presents the views of the Democratic Party representatives on the Slovak aspect of the construction of the command corps of the Czechoslovak Army with all its nuances. In the vast majority of cases, this was reflected in a tendentious and schematic way, in the most general level of disclosure of basic trends and indicators, without considering the main mechanisms from which it was directly derived, with an emotional, politically motivated downplaying of all the objective causes that were part of it. The reader has the opportunity to judge which of them was the result of querulantism and which were the result of reality, not allowing to resolve the Slovak question in the army to the satisfaction of the Slovak side.
EN
In inter-war Czechoslovakia, the relations of the Slovaks to Czech politics acquired a qualitatively new level. The autonomist Slovak National party (Slovenská národná strana) was an example. In the period 1919 – 1932, the Czechoslovak National Democratic Party (Československá národnodemokratická strana) played the part of a potential ally in its politics. In questions of programme, they both declared the need to define Slovakia as a territorial unit, that is a demand for autonomy and the need to solve the Slovak question. They were divided by their attitude to the national identity of the Slovaks. The Slovak party spoke of the separate national identity of the Slovaks, while the Czech party supported Czechoslovak national unity. Their attempts to cooperate culminated in their joint participation in the 1929 parliamentary elections, and the participation of the Slovak National Party members in the parliamentary group of the Czech party, which broke up in 1932 as a result of deepening disputes.
EN
The article discusses the history of the press of the Democratic Union, an alliance of political parties and pro-democracy groups formed in July 144. The formal aspects and the contents of the surviving issues of the Democratic Union publications, such as 'Nowy Dzien' and 'Glos Wolny Wolnosc Ubezpieczajacy', are analysed. It is stressed that certain aspects relating to the Democratic Union's publishing activities have not yet been properly researched. This concerns, among others, such publishing titles as 'Przemiany'. 'Pismo Demokratyczne' and 'Informacja'.
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