As it is broadly accepted, typical uses of demonstratives are accompanied by demonstrations. The concept of demonstration, however, manifests the action–product ambiguity analogous to that visible in the opposition between jumping and the resulting jump, talking and the resulting talk or crying and the resulting cry. It is also a heterogeneous concept that enables demonstrations to vary significantly. The present paper discusses action–product ambiguity as applied to demonstrations as well as the heterogeneity of the latter. An account that acknowledges ambiguity and heterogeneity of demonstrations is sketched in the paper. It is argued that it has a rich explanatory and descriptive potential.
After the communist takeover of Czechoslovakia in 1948, Slovaks in the USA and Canada came to the aid of the Roman and Greek Catholic churches in Czechoslovakia, which the communist regime was trying to destroy. They raised funds for the support of Slovak émigré priests in Canada and in Rome, helped fund Vatican Radio broadcasts to Slovakia, helped to publish and smuggle religious publications to Slovakia, and helped to establish the monthly Slovenské hlasy z Rima, the scholarly annual Slovak Studies and the Slovak Institute in Rome. They also agitated for religious freedom in their homeland, for the creation of a Slovak Church Province, and they organized the first anti-government demonstration since 1969 on Good Friday 1988 in Bratislava.
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