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EN
Using Jozef Kozielecki's theory, the authoress explains her understanding of the term self-knowledge and shows how writing a diary can become a useful instrument on the way to building an adequate knowledge about oneself. The paper presents the results of pilot studies on using diary-writing as the technique useful in self-educational work. The analysis was based on twenty essays (each 3-4 pages long) written by first year pedagogy students from the University of Lodz. The aim of the research was to name the pros and cons of writing a diary. The authoress believes that the pros include: systematic nature of note-writing, sincerity, reflective character of the notes and a chance to observe changes that the author is undergoing. The 'traps', on the other hand, are: a possibility of idealizing oneself and a danger of replacing the real world with the one created in the diary. The theses presented in the article are illustrated with quotations coming from the students.
EN
(Polish title: 'Odwilze' i restrykcje na uczelni wroclawskiej w latach 60. I 70 XX w. w swietle Dziennika i korespondencji profesora Wladyslawa Czaplinskiego (1905-1981)) The overall aim of this study is to discuss the problems historians working in universities under the communist regime had to face. Probably the main challenge was the interwoven periods of tightening and loosening of restrictions. There were the changing relations with the censors office, problems with getting permission to go abroad to study in archives and take part in conferences. Analyzing the influence under which the academics worked we obtain a better understanding of the reasons for decisions taken by them in relation to their scientific carrier. Notwithstanding this difficulties the non party academics, like professor Czaplinski, struggled to have a say in both didactic and scientific life of the University, upholding at the same time their own high ethical standards. He considered himself responsible for the place the Wroclaw University had on the academic map of Poland, to which end he was as active as conditions allowed him. The study is based on the correspondence with two eminent Polish historians professors Adam Kersten and Henryk Wereszycki confronted with the records in the Diary of professor Czaplinski.
EN
This text proposes an analysis of wartime diaries using a concept whereby diary is approached on a broader basis than just as a text, namely, as a writing praxis of one's everyday life, having three essential dimensions to it: existential-pragmatic, material, and textual. In all those dimensions, war exerts a critical impact on what shape the practice of keeping a diary takes. The existential-pragmatic facet primarily includes the various motivations for one to write down his or her diary (be it existential, social, historical, or pragmatic). Whilst being testimonies to the times of violence, killing, and annihilation, wartime diaries simultaneously become existential acts keeping up the space of what is human, in the face of the inhuman. Seen from the material angle, wartime diaries disclose their specificity both as regards their carriers (such as using some utilitarian 'carriers' of the printed word, such as pieces of packaging, labels, forms) and their look or physical shape (mutilations, gaps, destroyed or lost diaries). The textual dimension of wartime diaries is only mentioned in this article, as part of polemic with Jacek Leociak's book titled 'Tekst wobec Zaglady'. In the final section, the author indicates the way in which a contact or clash occurs, in all the three dimensions of wartime diaries (i.e. pragmatics, text, and diary's materiality), between the common and the uncommon, the everyday and the unusual, the ordinary and the extraordinary, the human and the inhuman. This particular trait is treated as the decisive one in terms of wartime diary's singularity against the textual cultural world's space.
Vojenská história
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2016
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vol. 20
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issue 4
11 - 122
EN
Following the outbreak of the Slovak National Uprising, the young student Ladislav Červeň with the garrison of Zemianske Kostoľany joined the insurgents and Ladislav became the Uprising Army member. After the suppression of SNU, he wanted to veer round to the liberators, however, fell into German captivity in Low Tatras. He described his further stories and prisoner horrors in his notebook. After the war was over, in June 1945, he returned back to Slovakia and completed his studies at the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Bratislava. The diary of Ladislav Červeň is a personal testimony describing the war horrors of one of several thousands of uprising soldiers spending the rest of the war imprisoned.
EN
The paper outlines one of the forms of melancholy in the literary discourse of Slovak romanticism. As regards materials, it is based on ego documents by Mikuláš Dohnány (1824 – 1852), in particular his diaries (1850 – 1852) and correspondence (1839 – 1852), as regards research, it is focused on the conflict between the latent (melancholy) and manifested (heroic and messianic) lines of the author´s production. The antagonism between the ideal and the reality forms the basis for M. Dohnány´s life experience and it is also noticeable in his intimate diary records. The subject of the analysis is the performative and functional nature of Dohnány´s diaries, which feature so-called self-disciplining comments prompting the author to take action, to make a difference. Dohnány´s melancholy, which has several romantic characteristics (it is based on negation, inward oriented, attached to the „inner self ”), remains hidden thanks to them and is subject to the self-control mechanism as it does not correspond with the ideal of a „ brave Štúr´s follower“, which Dohnány kept trying to put into practice.
EN
The study describes Vajanský´s author subject in unusual situations which occurred in his life one after another. He was imprisoned as a journalist for political reasons in Vác in the year 1904, where he wrote a Note Diary. As a well-known writer he was a prominent prisoner and would come across many gestures of solidarity. Besides recording everyday prison life and commenting on social and political events, a significant part of the diary includes critical comments on A. P. Chekhov´s works that he was reading. One of the reasons why he did not publish the diary was his negative assessment of Chekhov, which was in contradiction to the positive contemporary reception. Vajanský first came to Venice in 1905, which was for him as an art connoisseur a dream come true and he could fill a gap in this genre by writing his travelogue Volosko-Venecia. That way he followed in the footsteps of popular and much appreciated „Italian travels“ written by his idols – J. W. Goethe and J. Kollár. Additionally written parts remove spontaneity from the travelogue, enthusing about the perfect beauty of classical arts and condemning anything contemporary confirm that Vajanský is a representative of „ideal“ Realism. Both of the genres feature pretending authenticity, vanity and a sense of disenchantment with insufficient recognition – they lack introspection, detachment or self-deprecation. The author in both genres overuses his competence and wastes a chance to depict himself as a multidimensional personality.
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