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Considerations on the Notion of Disease in the Contemporary Philosophy of Medicine. An Introduction to the Astheneological Concept of Disease

100%
Sak J.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2008
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vol. 44
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issue 3-4
239-268
EN
The author aims to focus attention of medical, philosophical, and science of science milieus in Poland to the problem of defining the 'disease'. In the second half of the 20th century, the notion of disease has been largely discussed in monographs, joint publications and articles, particularly by English-speaking authors. This discussion has not been yet acceptably transferred onto the domestic ground. The analysis of many contemporary health and disease concepts proves the existence of three intertwined theoretical plains: first, concerning the examination of the notion of disease and its relation to the sphere of values; second, concerning the status of scientific fact and third, concerning anthropology. The article ponders upon the concepts revolving around the first of the aforementioned theoretical plains, i.e. descriptive and normative theories of disease. The review of selected problems of the contemporary philosophy of medicine serves as a stimulus for concluding the article with the author's own astheneological concept of disease.
2

Телесность в рассказах Людмилы Улицкой

88%
Knurowska M.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2010
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vol. 152
67-79
EN
This article is an attempt at the analysis of the corporality theme in the stories of the contemporary Russian writer Ludmila Ulitskaya. Holding a qualification in biology and genetics, Ulitskaya courageously introduces into her works such dimensions of human biological existence as sexuality, labour, menstruation or terminal disease. Mysterious incurable diseases, borderline situations, initiations, moments of crisis or breakthrough are standard components of her literary world. The corporal dimension of human life appears to be an inexhaustible source of truth about the characters’ spiritual condition as philosophical and metaphysical meanings are hidden under the layer of their biological existence. The writer effectively proves that Man is a sum of ‘the biological’ and ‘the spiritual’. In her writings the corporality becomes a universal code, provoking the everlasting and most difficult human questions of the sense of life, suffering, old age and death.
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