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THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE

100%
Omotayo O. H., Ayomitunde A. T., Omolola O. L., Georgina A. A.
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
|
2019
|
vol. 9(1)
251-262
EN
Abstract In Nigeria, several advocacies have been raised in different fora over time that agriculture is capable of reducing poverty in the country. An attempt to empirically validate the above argument has generated a policy mix in the literature. Therefore, further empirical investigation about this subject matter becomes imperative. Consequently, the study utilized the DOLS and Granger Causality Approach to address the objective of this study. However, the principal findings that emerged in this study are as follows: in the long run, there is a significant positive relationship between the employment in agriculture and poverty level, inflation rate and poverty level have a negative relationship with each other. Meanwhile, agricultural output causes a significant reduction in the poverty level. Also, one-way feedback relationship runs from agricultural output to the poverty level in the country. Based on the findings that originated in this study, this paper makes the following recommendations for the policymakers, future researchers and all the stakeholders in the agricultural sector in Nigeria that agricultural output has the capacity to reduce poverty level in the country. This implies that when poverty reduction is the target of the policymakers in the country, manipulating agricultural output will induce the reduction in poverty level in the long run. Also the government should possess political goodwill to revamp agricultural sector.
2
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Is There A Stable Long-run Relationship Between Unemployment And Productivity? / Czy Istnieje Stabilny Długookresowy Związek Między Bezrobociem A Produktywnością?

89%
Jalles J. T.
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
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2015
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vol. 18
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issue 2
57-75
EN
This paper assesses whether productivity and unemployment have a stable long-run relationship. We explore a panel of 19 OECD countries between 1970 and 2012 and rely on recently developed time series econometric methods. Our findings suggest that unemployment and productivity are non-stationary in levels and in many individual cases these series are cointegrated, even after accounting for possible structural breaks. For many individual countries the long-run effect seems to be generally positive. There is also evidence of two-way causality, but the stronger directional relationship runs from unemployment to productivity.
PL
Artykuł jest próbą ustalenia czy istnieje stabilny długookresowy związek między produktywnością a bezrobociem, Badania obejmują dane dotyczące 19 państw OECD, pochodzące z lat 1970-2012 i są oparte o najnowsze ekonometryczne metody analizy szeregów czasowych. Wyniki badań wskazują, że poziomy bezrobocia i produktywności cechują się niestacjonarnością a w licznych indywidualnych przypadkach szeregi te są skointegrowane, nawet po uwzględnieniu możliwych załamań strukturalnych. W przypadku wielu indywidualnych państw efekty długoterminowe wydają się być generalnie pozytywne. Istnieją również dowody występowania przyczynowości dwukierunkowej, ale silniejszy ukierunkowany związek zachodzi między bezrobociem a produktywnością.
3
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FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS AND REGULATION IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE

88%
Ayomitunde A. T., Olubunmi A. B., Lanke B, Awomailo, Omotayo O. H.
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
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2019
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vol. 9(1)
155-166
EN
The aim of this study is to examine the long run equilibrium relationship between regu-lation and FDI inflows in Nigeria over the period of 1990 to 2016 which past studies have failed to explore. Consequently, the study utilized data from UNCTAD, World Bank database, CBN Statistical Bulletin and Cointegration, DOLS and Granger Cau-sality approach was used to address the objective of this study. However, the major findings in this study are summarized as follows. Government effectiveness, rule of law and inflation rate have a significant positive relationship with FDI inflows in Nigeria in the long run, apart from regulation quality that is not significant. This implies that regulation is favorable to the inflows of cross border investment in the country. In addition, there is a unidirectional feedback relationship which runs from FDI inflows to regulation quality and one way feedback relationship runs from the rule of law to government effective-ness in the country. Finally, due to the findings that emerged from this study, the fol-lowing recommendations are made for the policy makers, investors and future re-searchers in Nigeria that when attraction of FDI inflows are the target of the policy makers in the country, improving variables like rule of law, government effectiveness and regulation quality will induce the inflows of cross border investment accordingly in the long run. Also, the Nigerian government should be committed to the provision of a sound business environment in the form of good government regulations to ensure rapid inflows of FDI in the country.
4
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State-level Taylor rule and monetary policy stress

75%
Duran H. E., Gajewski P.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2023
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vol. 18
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issue 1
89-120
EN
Research background: Taylor rule is a widely adopted approach to follow monetary policy and investigate various mechanisms related to or triggered by monetary policy. To date, no in-depth examination of scale, determinants and spillovers of state-level monetary policy stress, stemming from the Federal Reserve Board?s (Fed?s) policy has been performed. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to investigate the nature of monetary policy stress on US States delivered by the single monetary policy by using a quarterly dataset spanning the years between 1989 and 2017. Methods: We apply a wide array of time series and panel regressions, such as unit root tests, co-integration tests, co-integrating FMOLS and DOLS regressions, and Spatial Panel SAR and SEM models. Findings & value added: When average stress imposed on states is calculated, it is observed that the level of stress is moderate, but the distribution across states is asymmetric. The cross-state determinants behind the average stress show that states with a higher percentage of working-age and highly educated population, as well as those with higher population density and more  export-oriented are negatively stressed (i.e. they experience excessively low interest rates), whereas higher unemployment rate contributes to a positive stress (too high interest rates). To the best of our knowledge, the contribution of this paper lies in estimating monetary policy stress at the state level and unveiling some of the determinants of this stress. Moreover, the paper makes the first attempt to empirically test spatial spillovers of the stress, which are indeed found significant and negative.
5

ANALYZING THE DRIVERS OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY FOR THE CASE OF THE CESEE REGION

75%
Amir A., Gökmenoğlu K.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2023
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vol. 71
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issue 2
155 – 181
EN
This study explores the influence of financial development on the shadow economy, alongside other possible determinants, for the CESEE region. To this objective, we used a panel dataset of annual figures for eleven CESEE countries from 2003 to 2019. To estimate the long-run coefficients, panel FMOLS and DOLS were employed. Our findings suggest that an increase in financial development and tax burden leads to the enlargement of the shadow economy. While improvements in institutional quality, trade openness, and economic freedom reduce the magnitude of the shadow economy. The study’s results offer various policy recommendations that can be used to combat the shadow economy in CESEE countries. Tax policy and institutional reforms are encouraged to pro-mote greater trust within institutions, enabling the shift of economic activities from the shadow to the formal economy.
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