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Europeizacja jako instrument polityki zagranicznej Unii Europejskiej w zakresie promocji demokracji

100%
Barburska O.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
|
2020
|
issue 1
9-25
EN
The aim of the paper is to analyze how Europeanization is used as an instrument of the European Union’s foreign policy in the field of promoting democracy in the world . This first requires an indication that all EU activities, including its relations with the international environment, are based on specific normative foundations. They include the so-called European values regarding, generally speaking, the promotion of democracy and broadly understood human rights, as well as strengthening peace in international relations. “European values” are not only political and ideological guidelines, but also legal norms enshrined in EU treaties, so the promotion of democracy is one of the basic goals of the EU’s foreign policy. Analysis of the EU’s promotion of democracy requires the presentation of the main categories used to study this issue, i.e. showing what is understood by Europeanization, as well as by the associated concepts of democratization and socialization. Then mechanisms of Europeanization are examined, as well as its results and evaluation of its effectiveness is provided. In this respect the case study is very helpful, in that it examines the results of Europeanization in relation to the EU partner countries covered by the Eastern Partnership. The paper ends with final remarks constituting a summary of the studied issues.
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The Road to Autocratization? Redefining Democracy in Poland.

86%
Szczepański J., Kalina P.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
|
2019
|
vol. 3
121-132
EN
The present paper explores how political thinking in Poland changed after the election campaigns (general and presidential) of 2015. Its main goal is to determine what the current developments mean for the future of democracy in Poland. Will Poland face a new wave of autocratization – similar to Pilsudski’s one? The paper is based on empirical research conducted during the lastpr esidential and general elections in Poland. An e-survey covering 10,000 respondents was conducted, out of whom over 4,000 left their data for further analysis. The main aim of the study was to fi nd a connection between patterns of political thinking and electoral behavior, demonstrating a link between one’s set of political values and one’s voting decisions. The ruling party in Poland openly refers to esthetics and rhetoric of an authoritarian regime introduced by Pilsudski. Its election slogan: “A good change” has been treated as reference to the interwar concept of “sanacja” driven from the Latin term “sanatio” which means to cleanse or to heal. The main goal of the Sanacja political group was to amend the then parliamentary democracy, which they believed was corrupt and inefficient. The authors of the paper try to present recent patterns and changes in the electorate. In its summary, the paper includes some predictions for the future of the Polish democracy, based on empirical data and observed actions of the ruling party.
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