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Więzienni lekarze. Opieka lekarska w więzieniach stalinowskich w latach 1945–1956

100%

Machcewicz A.

Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość

2014

issue 1(23)

293-307

The article is an attempt at presenting the role of doctors working in the reality of prisons in the years 1944–1956. Medical care was supposed to be limited to a minimum, and doctors had to serve a specific role in supervising the prisoners. On the one hand, they were part of the oppressive system, while on the other hand, they often stepped outside their assigned roles, helping the prisoners and mitigating the regime. As in other aspects of Stalinism, here the reality also luckily turned out to be more human than the official assumptions. People who worked in prisons were civilian doctors and nurses employed on contract by the Prison System Department, as well as military doctors assigned to this work as part of their service. Due to constant lack of medical staff willing to work in prison hospitals and infirmaries, doctors serving sentences and medical students were employed, as well. Of course, their situation was much worse than of the “freedom” doctors. Both groups, however, were subject to control by prison officers, in particular of the Special Department which oversaw the work of prison intelligence and tracked all attempts to make informal contact with the prisoners. Prison healthcare was part of the system and its political objectives and ideological vision of the enemy, but it was also a derivative of the economic situation in the war-ravaged country. In the years 1944–1956, medical care in Polish prisons evolved. In the first years after the war, the health of prisoners was affected by terrible sanitary conditions, lack of doctors and basic medical supplies. Although over the years the equipment of some hospitals and drug supplies improved, poor health of prisoners was primarily affected by the long-term repressive regime which began to weaken only in the middle of 1953. The article is based on documents of the MBP Prison System Department, testimonies of prison doctors before the court and prosecutors, published memoirs of prisoners, as well as the author’s own interviews with doctors who were prisoners.

Więzienie karno-śledcze w Kłodzku w latach 1945–1953 (1956). Zarys problematyki

51%

Łagojda K.

Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały

2018

issue 16

Artykuł przedstawia historię więzienia karno-śledczego w Kłodzku w okresie formowania się i funkcjonowania w Polsce systemu stalinowskiego. W tekście zostały poruszone takie zagadnienia jak uruchomienie więzienia po wojnie, rozpracowywanie sytuacji w zakładzie przez organizację niepodległościową WiN, zagęszczenie placówki na przestrzeni lat 1945–1956, warunki bytowe oraz polityka więzienia wobec śmierci więźniów. Aneks do artykułu stanowi imienny wykaz osób, które zmarły w więzieniu w omawianym okresie lub na których został wykonany wyrok śmierci. Criminal investigation prison at Kłodzko in 1945–1953 (1956). An Outline of IssuesThe author attempts to present the functioning of the criminal and investigation prison at Kłodzko from the moment it was overtaken by the Polish administration until the end of the Stalinist period in Poland. The focus is, among other things, on determining the exact date of the prison’s reopening after the war and its main fields of activity in 1945–1956. The text highlights issues related to the invigilation of the prison by the Freedom and Independence Movement (WiN), the role of agents and denunciations in prison life, the changes in everyday life and living conditions of its inmates. Thus, the article includes statistics on the prison’s population and its changing density. Important findings have been made concerning death and burial. The author presents diverse hypotheses on the place of burial of deceased inmates as well as the process of informing their families. The appendix includes a list of names of all the inmates who died in the prison or were shot in the years 1945–1956.

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1 Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość

1 Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały

1 Machcewicz A.

1 Łagojda K.

1 2018

1 2014

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Więzienni lekarze. Opieka lekarska w więzieniach stalinowskich w latach 1945–1956

Więzienie karno-śledcze w Kłodzku w latach 1945–1953 (1956). Zarys problematyki