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The influence of built environment and socio-economic factors on commuting energy demand. A path analysis-based approach

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Boukarta S., Berezowska-Azzag E.

Quaestiones Geographicae

2022

vol. 41

issue 4

19-39

Transport is the second energy consumer sector after housing in Algeria. In this article, we explore the ener- gy implication of commuting by considering a panel of socio-economic (SE) and built environment (BE) driving factors. The method is based on four steps: (i) The first step is to identify the main and potential drivers from the literature review and to propose a model that summarises the main assumptions that could explain the volume of commuting and the resulting energy consumption. (ii) In the second step, we designed and distributed 700 questionnaires in the municipality of Djelfa and retained 184 valid questionnaires in the final study sample. (iii) In the third step, we developed a method adapted to urban areas to quantify energy consumption as a function of the distance travelled, the type and density of occupation by means of transport and the type of fuel. (iv) The fourth step is to check the fit of the hypothetical model with a path analysis-based approach. The model developed identifies 15 factors, of which five have a direct impact and 10 have an indirect impact on the energy consumption of commuting. The model shows that building density and the age of the respondent can reduce the energy consumption of commuting by up to −15% and −12% respectively; whereas the number of cars by housing and the round-trip frequency could increase the energy consumption up to 38% and 27% respectively. Our results suggest a structuring role of the socio-economic characteristics of households in explaining the energy consumption of commuting.

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT DRIVING FACTORS IN SHAPING THE COMMUTING MODAL SHARE: A PATH-ANALYSIS-BASED APPROACH

100%

Boukarta S., Berezowska-Azzag E.

Quaestiones Geographicae

2020

vol. 39

issue 4

This paper explores the role of the built environment and socio-economic drivers in shaping the modal share of commuting. For this, we have identified through our literature review 67 potential variables categorised into two groups; the built environment and the households’ socio-economic characteristics. We have considered the city of Djelfa as a case study and used the questionnaire as a data collection tool. The questionnaire processing of the 700 questionnaires provided to the households allowed us to select 184 questionnaires for our analysis. The sensitivity analysis protocol is designed for two stages; (i) an exploratory stage, conducted by principal component analysis and bivariate correlation analysis; (ii) and a confirmatory stage conducted by a path analysis. The first step allowed us to hypothesise several causal pathways that could explain, directly or indirectly, the modal share of commuting. The results of the path analysis show that the modal shares of walking, private car and public transit are controlled by 13, 16 and 12 explanatory variables, respectively. Overall, the socio-economic characteristics of households discourage walking and transit use, and encourage private car commuting. On the other hand, the variables identified in this paper related to the built environment discourage walking, but encourage the use of public transit rather than private cars for commuting.

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2 Quaestiones Geographicae

2 Berezowska-Azzag E.

2 Boukarta S.

1 2022

1 2020

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The influence of built environment and socio-economic factors on commuting energy demand. A path analysis-based approach

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT DRIVING FACTORS IN SHAPING THE COMMUTING MODAL SHARE: A PATH-ANALYSIS-BASED APPROACH