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1

ŚWIĘTOWANIE DOROCZNE W POLSCE OKRESU PRL. WYMIAR EKONOMICZNY

100%
Orszulak-Dudkowska K.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
|
2017
|
vol. 24
|
issue 2
7 - 21
EN
The aim of this article is to show the specificity of celebrating annual holidays such as Christmas in Poland in the period of two decades of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL), seen from the angle of the private economy sphere. The theoretical perspective of the undertaken analysis is economic anthropology, which lets us look at Polish annual celebrations in the second half of the 20th century through material and economic dimensions of culture. The detailed source materials are provided by the private notes included in two collections of domestic bills run up in the period of the Polish People’s Republic by two families living in cities in central Poland and Upper Silesia. The conclusions drawn from the undertaken analysis let us notice that the economic way of examining the celebration period emphasizes the participation of products and material items in the building of a holiday reality. By focusing on the mundane actions of acquiring products and the calculations connected with them, one can reach the actual tissue of social life, the real undertaken actions and consumer decisions based on them, often resulting from local traditions and familial habits. Therefore, the economic approach in anthropology may be the key to recognizing the details of a cultural situation of a celebration, as well as the specificity of local family life and the character of the relationships made between people and between people and things.
2

Corporate culture in Hungary seen through two daily newspapers

88%
Szerb A., Kocsis-Kisantal O.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2008
|
vol. 33
|
issue 3
243-261
EN
Although the economic and institutional-regulation concept of the success of companies is widely accepted, ground is being gained by theories that emphasize the effects of the social and welfare environment and cultural milieu. The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) survey shows that Hungary comes near the bottom in an international comparison of corporate culture. The article draws on the 2005 articles in two daily newspapers and on frequency statistics and content analyses to examine the image that has developed of Hungarian entrepreneurs and businesses. Negative news presenting entrepreneurs in a bad light were in a majority, so that the press was mirroring the popular belief that entrepreneurs are criminals and tax evaders getting rich on the backs of others, rather than promoting them as key figures in job creation and development, whose efforts are successful and exemplary, even without state support.
3
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Postrzeganie i przeżywanie bogactwa i biedy przez podlaskich rolników

75%
Krzyworzeka A.
Lud
|
2012
|
vol. 96
179-201
EN
The article deals with the phenomenon of richness among Polish farmers (inhabitants of the western part of Podlaskie voivodeship). Showing their attitude towards wealth and poverty the author argues that these days being wealthy might be a bigger social and cultural challenge for a farmer than being poor. Wealth is ambivalent; on the one hand almost all people would like to be richer than they are, and on the other, everybody tries to hide their assets because they know that their neighbours would consider them dishonest, as they themselves consider wealthy people. To their minds, richness and honesty cannot go hand in hand.The text also shows a peculiar way of using the word “profitability” by farmers, which is different from that used in a public discourse or in business. In order to seem not rich to one’s neighbours, one must count his or her money (both incomes and expenses) in a way which will guarantee that it is obvious for everyone that one does not belong to those wealthy but dishonest people. The author discusses the origins of such an attitude towards wealth and poverty and tries to show how it influences people’s actions and everyday strategies.
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