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RESEARCH ON STARVATION IN THE WARSAW GHETTO - ETHICAL PROBLEMS (Badania nad glodem w getcie warszawskim - problemy etyczne)

100%
Janczewska M.
Zaglada Zydów. Studia i Materialy (Holocaust. Studies and Materials)
|
2009
|
vol. 5
327-338
EN
Research team of physicians and lab technicians under Izrael Milejkowski's direction undertook the effort to carry out a series of clinical and biochemical experiments on patients dying of starvation in the Warsaw ghetto so as to receive the fullest possible picture of hunger disease. The research was carried out according to all the rigors of strict scientific discipline, and the authors during their work on academic articles, published it after the war entitled: 'Starvation disease: hunger research carried out in the Warsaw ghetto in 1942', according to their own words, they 'supplemented the gap in accordance with the progress of knowledge'. The article is devoted to the reflections over ethical dilemmas of the research team, who were forced in their work to perform numerous medical treatments of experimental nature on extremely exhausted patients. The ill, according to Dr Fajgenblat's words,'demonstrated negativism toward the research and treatment, which extremely hindered the work, and sometimes even frustrated it'. The article attempts to look at the monumental research work of the Warsaw ghetto doctors as a special kind of response of the medical profession to the feeling of helplessness to the dying patients. The article analyzes the situation of Warsaw ghetto doctors, who undertook the research without support of any outer authority, which could settle their possible ethical dilemmas (Polish deontological codes, European discussions on the conditions of the admissibility of medical research on patients, etc.).
2

Eutanazja – refleksje psychiatry

75%
Pużyński S.
Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej
|
2012
|
vol. 11
75-92
EN
The author has analysed people’s attitudes to life, especially in those who show suicidal inclinations, go through crises and suf er from diseases that cause this attitude negative. He stresses the fact that in today’s consumerist society euthanasia may become a cultural norm, as there can be no room for the handicapped and dependent, suf ering from chronic diseases (including mental ones), the people living too long, who can be a burden for their families or public i nances, those whose life is of a ‚low quality’ and unproi table from the social point of view. According to the author, legitimizing euthanasia is a symptom of a crisis of socila policy and contemporary medical science. It violates basic, traditional tandards of a physician’s attitude towards a patient, the principle of coni dence in a physician-patient relations, it blurs the line between medical treatment and murder. A physician, especially psychiatrist, should have the right to refuse to take part in any stage of an action resulting in the death of a patient, and oppose such practices. A proper treatment of depression is an ef ective form of help one may of er the patients suf ering from it and wishing to die.
3

POLISH SOCIOLOGY AND THE POLISH SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION ANNO DOMINI 2007

75%
Glinski P.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2007
|
issue 4(187)
11-30
EN
This paper is a somewhat enlarged version of the Presidential Address given during the 13th Polish Congress of Sociology by the President of the Polish Sociological Association (Zielona Góra 13 - 15 of September 2007). The paper succinctly focuses on selected, yet central to Polish sociologists' and the Polish Sociological Association's, problems. Thus, the recent dynamic institutional development of Polish sociology brought about the spread of new tendencies. For example, the observed decline of the educational minimum students have to acquire before graduating as well as the change of profile of sociology alumni can both be attributed to the above-mentioned development. Ethical problems are likewise plaguing sociologists. These can be discerned in the instances of plagiarism and diploma papers made to order. Furthermore, the analysis of the fields of research interests of Polish sociologist indicates that some fundamental social issues are under-studied. At the same time it is often the case that sociologists' personal and political attitudes exert influence on their choice of research topics, the modes of analysis employed and even the conclusions arrived at. Polish sociology is, therefore, less and less visible on the international arena. The above-mentioned critical comments notwithstanding, the paper commends on the post-1989 achievements of Polish sociology. Also, it provides arguments against the attacks unconscientiously launched by some journalists. The paper contends that sociologists were often successful in identifying and diagnosing the most pressing problems of the transformation period in Poland. The paper is also arguing against the alleged need to settle up with Polish sociologist involved with the previous political system. The apolitical nature of the Polish Sociological Association is asserted in the text, too. Next the increasing involvement of Polish sociology in the broadcasted analysis of current political and social issues is presented. Then the paper critically assesses the depreciating image of sociology resulting from sociologists-commentators' presence in the media as well as the spread of the 'public opinion researcheology' phenomenon. Both these forms of sociology's participation in the media are guilty of simplifying and distorting the scientific nature of sociological analysis thus downgrading the prestige of sociology as well as decreasing the level of sociological insight of the society at large. As far as politics is concerned, understanding of social issues based on in-depth apolitical sociological research is neither taken into account by state institutions nor does it attract the interest of politicians. These developments have been caused by the fact that political strife rather than mission-inspired and visionary effort to work for the common good has come to dominate political life.
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