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Determinants of Profitability of Polish Rural Micro-Enterprises at the Time of EU Accession

100%
Janda K., Rausser G., Strielkowski W.
Eastern European Countryside
|
2013
|
vol. 19
177-217
EN
Rural micro-enterprises are an important factor in sustainable rural development in post-transitional Eastern Europe. This paper deals with determining the key factors influencing profitability in rural micro-enterprises in Poland. The research design was based on a questionnaire survey of 300 rural micro-enterprises in the food-processing sector in rich and poor Polish provinces. The analysis carried out in this study is centered around the Polish EU accession in May 2004. Similar to other related studies, our results show that EU accession was not perceived as a major change by rural Polish micro-entrepreneurs and that the EU related factors were not significant determinants of their profitability. However, our results also show that the success of the rural food processing micro-enterprise in Eastern Europe is most related to its owner/manager and enterprise characteristics. For the owner/manager the most significant determinants are his/her age and risk-taking as the main motive for establishing an enterprise. The enterprise characteristics that determine the profitability include enterprise location within a region with competitive situation, enterprise size (being a sole trader or family enterprise), IC T advancements in enterprise and the fact whether the enterprise has any certificates for its products. The results have significant implications for the researchers and policy-makers and can become a basis for preparing relevant enterprise support policies in post-transitional Eastern Europe
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The Republic of Latvia and the European Union: a decade as a Member State

58%
Deksnis B.
Latvijas Zinātņu Akadēmijas Vēstis. A daļa
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2014
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vol. 68
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issue 3/4
17-39
XX
The Republic of Latvia has been a Member State of the European Union for ten years. During this period, certain inherited problems have shown themselves to be persistent, notably corruption, a weak legal system and serious deficiencies as regards planning for sustainable economic development. This article highlights the principal failings and gives indications of the reasons why remedies were not being implemented. Critical remarks offered by the EU at various junctures have not always been followed by deeds. The Republic of Latvia has benefitted since its re-emergence as an international actor from a highly-developed ability to present its problems and achievements in a light that elicits international support. Latvia shall be the Presiding State of the European Union Council from January to end of June 2015. This article examines the internal and external preparations for rising to meet the expected challenges. In a the most recent elections to the European Parliament Eurosceptic political forces scored no successes, this despite the popularly presented critical view that Latvian citizens express as regards many aspects of the European Union. Overall Latvian citizens see their membership of the EU and NATO as the key factor in preventing Russia to assert its questionable rights to dominate its Baltic neighbours. Key words: Baltic States, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, European Union, EU Accession, economic development, EU fund implementation, 2014 elections European Parliament, EU Presidency, Euroscepticism
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