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1

THE LATVIAN EXCEPTION: TREASURES OF LATVIAN MUSEUMS AND ARCHIVES EVACUATED BY NAZI GERMANY DURING WWII AND RETURNED BY USA FORCES TO THE USSR IN 1945 (Latvijas iznemums: Nacistiskas Vacijas Otraja pasaules kara evakuetas un ASV karaspeka PSRS 1945. g

100%
Kalnacs J.
Makslas Vesture un Teorija
|
2009
|
vol. 12
71-85
EN
One of the most successful cases of recovered cultural treasures taken out by Germany during WWII is still almost unknown even in such Latvian cultural institutions as museums and archives. In 1944 Germany had planned to evacuate the oldest and most significant documents pertaining to German influence in Latvian and Baltic political and cultural history and the property of Baltic Germans as well as important documents and cultural testimonies of the newly founded state of Latvia. There was a plan to evacuate more than 1200 crates of historical documents and other valuables from the State History Archive, Riga City History Archive, Latvian History Museum and its affiliate the Dom Museum, Riga City Art Museum and other institutions as well as about 23 000 packages of State History Archive documents to Opava (Troppau in German). The repositories were arranged in the surrounding Sudetenland palaces that had been seized from the Czech Republic and a department of the German State Archive was situated there. This plan, carried out by Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg in all countries of Eastern Europe, was not as successful as had been envisaged because the employees of the State History Museum hid part of the most valuable items such as the numismatic collection, silver pieces and archaeological discoveries, in the Riga Castle. The State History Archive staff also replaced some of the most valuable documents with less significant ones.
2

„KULTURRAUB“ ALEBO ZÁCHRANA KULTÚRNEHO DEDIČSTVA? EVAKUÁCIA ARCHÍVOV A KULTÚRNYCH PAMIATOK NEMECKÝMI ORGÁNMI ZO SLOVENSKA KONCOM 2. SVETOVEJ VOJNY

100%
Schvarc M.
Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo
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2013
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vol. 1
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issue 1
75 – 82
EN
This paper discusses the attempted theft of cultural heritage from the territory of Slovakia by German authorities at the end of the World War II. The Nazis were interested primarily in those treasures and archive collections which they considered to be “German”. With the help of Karmasin’s Deutsche Partei and with disregard for the Slovak authorities they were able to export materials of unimaginable value. However, after the war the vast part of the transported cultural heritage was returned to Slovakia.
3
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Mariupolacy

67%
Bonusiak A.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2018
|
vol. 44
|
issue 1 (167)
277–303
PL
Poniższy tekst przedstawia zarys dziejów i funkcjonowania środowiska polskiego zamieszkałego w Mariupolu na Ukrainie. W pierwszej części opracowania główną uwagę poświęcono charakterystyce działalności Polaków skupionych w miejscowych strukturach polonijnych oraz ich aktywności w ramach Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego. Gros rozważań poświęcone zostało okresowi minionych 15 lat XXI wieku, choć w celu zrozumienia istoty położenia Mariupolaków sięgnięto również po omówienie wybranych aspektów z wcześniejszych dwustu lat dziejów miasta. Druga część poświęcona została zabiegom mającym na celu doprowadzenie do ewakuacji z zagrożonego wojną miasta osób polskiego pochodzenia. Omówiony został proces organizacji tego przedsięwzięcia oraz jego wykonanie. Scharakteryzowano zabiegi mające na celu doprowadzenie do legalizacji pobytu przybyszy, rozsiedlenia Mariupolaków w poszczególnych polskich ośrodkach oraz ułatwienia i adaptacji do nowych warunków funkcjonowania. Zasygnalizowano również możliwości funkcjonowania osób pozostałych w Mariupolu. Integralną częścią rozważań jest zaprezentowanie różnych form pomocy udzielanych przez Polskę i Polaków potrzebującym zarówno na Ukrainie, jak i na terenie Polski. Elementem rozważań jest także prezentacja i ocena zachowań władz państwowych, opozycji politycznej, mediów i samych Polaków w stosunku do dążeń osób polskiego pochodzenia zamieszkałych w Mariupolu.
EN
The article outlines the history and functioning of the Polish community residing in Mariupol, Ukraine. The first part of the paper focuses on the characteristics of Poles within the local Polish community structures and their actions within the Roman Catholic Church. A great deal of the discussion is devoted to the past 15 years, but some aspects of the previous two hundred years of the city’s history are also reported in order to understand the essence of the Mariupoles’ position. The second part is dedicated to efforts aimed at evacuating citizens of Polish descent from a city at risk of war. The process of its organizing and implementation is touched upon. Actions conducted to legalize newcomers’ stay, relocate Mariupoles to Polish centers, as well as facilitate and help them to adapt to the new conditions are characterized. The viability of those people who remained in Mariupol is also indicated. An integral part of this paper is unveiling forms of aid granted by Poland and Polish people to the needy both in Ukraine and on the territory of Poland. Attention is given to the presentation and evaluation of the behavior of the government, the political opposition, the media and the Poles themselves in relation to the aspirations of people of Polish origin living in Mariupol.
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