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„Centrum Przeciwko Wypędzeniom” w świetle głównych filarów polityki powojennych Niemiec. Polsko-niemieckie aspekty skomplikowanego dialogu

100%
Mueller H.-P.
Rocznik Lubuski
|
2010
|
vol. 36
|
issue 2
325-342
EN
The author attempts at proving that the recent discussion on Berlin's 'Centre against Expulsions' should not be considered without taking into account debates dealing with the Nazi regime as well as standpoints resulting from raison d'etat in Eastern and Western Germany. In the case of Poland, the issue of resettlement constitutes a special test for Germany as far as dealing with the past is concerned. The results of the historical research conducted by the author prove that some part of Polish public opinion shows an exaggerated fear of German redefining of historical facts and truths. However, public supervision, along with democratic solidity of German intuitions, guarantees control over the results of the debate. The European Union gives the Poles a chance to begin what years ago was reached by the French, the Dutch or the Danish.
2

CONTROVERSIES AROUND THE EXHIBITION 'ENFORCED ROADS' IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DISPUTE OVER EXPULSIONS (Kontrowersje wokól wystawy 'Wymuszone drogi' na tle sporu o wypedzenia. Analiza debaty prasowej)

88%
Ciolkiewicz P.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2009
|
vol. 53
|
issue 3
17-43
EN
The fact that controversies about the past become the subject of public debate testifies to the growing significance of the role of collective memory. In Poland two such controversies emerged recently. The first was triggered off by Jan Tomasz Gross' book 'The Neighbours' that describes the murder committed during the war on Jews by the Polish inhabitants of Jedwabne; the other is a consequence of the actions taken up by the head of the Union of the Expelled, Erika Steinbach, and her many years' endeavours to create the so-called Centre Against Expulsions in Germany. The matter of post-war 'expulsions' divided Polish disputants into adherents of two opposed points of view. One thread of the debate that started in 2000 embraces controversies around the exhibition: 'Enforced Roads. Escapes and Expulsions in 20th Century Europe' opened in August 2006 that commemorates the victims of expulsions. The article analyses the press debate around this exhibition in the context of the earlier stages of this controversy. It also describes the changes of relations between the main standpoints and their influence on the ideas of the past.
3
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GERMAN POLICY OF THE DISPLACEMENT OF POLES AND GERMAN SETTLEMENT IN THE YEARS 1939-1945 IN THE AREA OF GAU DANZIG-WESTPREUSSEN, SWIECKO COUNTY (Polish title - below)

75%
Trzeciakowski W.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2009
|
issue 2(331)
158-176
EN
(Title in Polish - 'Niemiecka polityka wysiedlania Polaków oraz osadnictwa Niemców w latach 1939-1945 w Okregu Gdansk-Prusy Zachodnie, powiat swiecki'). The article tackles the theme of displacements of Polish families (as a matter of fact they should be defined as expulsions) from farms and other rural and urban real estates confiscated without any compensation by the German occupant. The study has been narrowed down to the county of Swiecko in order to show as if under a microscope the structure of the activities of the German administration: from government guidelines through local police and administration on the level of 'Gau Danzig-Westpruessen' down to concrete instances of displacement. In this way we obtain a clear and coherent picture showing the implementation of the German plans of displacements (expulsions) of Poles from territories annexed to the Reich. Whole families were expelled to the so-called displacement camps (Umsiedlungslager) which were then sealed and within a short time transformed into concentration camps with forced labor, like e.g. the Potulice camp (Umsiedlungslager Lebrechtsdorf) - it was built at the turn of 1940/1941 and since 1942 already functioned as a branch of the penitentiary concentration camp Stutthof. The homes of the expulsed Polish families were settled by German migrants from the Baltic states, Bessarabia (Moldova, Romania) and Volhynia or passed into the hands of the local Germans. The campaign of expulsion and settlement was personally supervised by H. Himmler by means of security forces and police as well as central and lower level institutions for displacement (in Pomerania - the Central Office for Displacements in Gdansk).
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