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EN
The study follows from earlier research into the borderline disputes in the valleys of the river Divoká Orlice as a treatise on a protracted dispute between the Bohemian manor of Frymburk (later merging with Opočno) and Homole manor (Hummel or Landfried in German) in Kłodzko, both located to the north of the river, in the 16th century and early 17th century. The root cause were the claims raised by the Frymburk administrators concerning land located east of the ridge of the Orlické Mts., where the ridge was eventually determined to be the final border, and at present is the state border between Czechia and Poland.
EN
The process of urbanization of the Bohemian lands had a number of forms. An important, in fact a crucial phase, took place in the 13th century. King Přemysl Otakar II (1253–1278) was a great supporter of towns of the new type. Two significant documents dated 1264 and 1265 are linked with his name. They were supposed to bring to life two royal towns in so far remote and scarcely populated regions in the north and in the east of Bohemia. While the first plan was implemented and the town of Polička became a market and administrative centre of the region in a short time (1265), the result of the second plan fell behind the bold expectations (1264). The stumbly development ended up only after a town was established in Bělá pod Bezdězem in 1337. The comparison of both the aforementioned events demonstrates that initial plans guaranteed by a royal privilege can end up very differently.
EN
A collection of Roman Period metal objects was acquired with the help of a metal detector survey in the vicinity of Přelouč. The artefacts were handed over to the City Museum in Přelouč. Of special impor tance among this collection is a Roman gilt finger ring made from a copper alloy, dated back to the 2nd–3rd centuries AD, and a pyriform balsamarium of the type Bienert 102/103. The collection is dominated by brooches, which can be dated from the end of the 1st century until the 4th century. Most of them belong to the Late or Final Roman Iron Age. This might indicate that the settlement reached its peak within this time period.
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