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EN
The opinion refers to the conceptual range of the terms “Volhynia” and “Lesser Eastern Poland” in relation to the Act of 26 January 2018 amending the act on the Institute of National Remembrance — Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes Against the Polish Nation, the act on war graves and cemeteries, the act on museums and the act on the liability of collective entities for acts prohibited under a penalty. The author analyses the terms from the legal-historical perspective, paying particular attention to the history of the Polish lands in the nineteenth century and the period of the Second Republic of Poland (1918–1939). Based thereon, the author is of the opinion that the terms have had and still have an established meaning, despite the lack of a legal defi nition. They refer to the territories of the four voivodeships of the Second Republic: Lwow (Lviv), Stanisławow, Tarnopol and Wołyń (Volhynia) voivodeships. The author’s refl ections are based among others on the established views of the Polish science of administrative law from before the Second World War, the legislation of the Polish State, the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court in the years 1926–1938, as well as the jurisprudence of the voivodeship administrative courts in Opole (2005) and Poznan (2007).
EN
The press belongs to one of the most important tools of propaganda influence on society. It was often used to conduct open wars aimed at promoting specific political views or reasons. For this reason, it can be concluded that the press release has also always had a significant impact on the security of the state. The purpose of this article is to illustrate Polish‑Ukrainian relations, presented in the pages of the most important Polish‑language newspapers of Lviv in the second half of 1930, during the sabotage of Ukrainian nationalists in Eastern Lesser Poland and the repressive action conducted by the Polish authorities in consequence. The most widely read Polish newspapers in Lviv were selected for the purposes of the article. In order to show the whole of the discussed issue, archival sources and publications were also used.
PL
W XX wieku nierzadko radykalne doktryny polityczne rodziły się w umysłach nielicznych, a miały wpływ na życie całych narodów, zmieniając długą tradycję poprawnych stosunków między nimi, w masowe zbrodnie i uchodźctwo. Zbrodnicze ideologie leżą bowiem u podstaw eksplozji okrucieństwa w stosunkach między różnymi etnosami czy innymi, wytworzonymi przez te właśnie ideologie, kategoriami ludzi. Znajomość założeń omówionej w tym artykule doktryny Dmytra Doncowa jest kluczowa dla wyjaśnienia zagadnienia wzrostu nacjonalistycznego nastawienia i wrogości wschodnio-małopolskich Ukraińców do Polaków oraz przyczyn antypaństwowej i terrorystycznej działalności UWO i OUN w międzywojennej Polsce. Poglądy Doncowa dotyczące metod i etyki walki narodowowyzwoleńczej nacji ukraińskiej znalazły też swój wyraz w polityce eksterminacyjnej nacjonalistów ukraińskich w latach II wojny światowej i bezpośrednio powojennych.
EN
In the twentieth century often radical political doctrines were born in the minds of a few and have an impact on the lives of entire nations, changing a long tradition of good relations between them in mass crimes and refugee. Murderous ideologies lie at the root of the explosion because of cruelty to relations between different ethnic groups or other, produced by these particular ideologies, categories of people. Knowledge of the principles discussed in this article Dmytro Dontsov’s doctrine is crucial to clarify the issues of growth of nationalist attitudes and hostility Eastern Lesser Poland Ukrainians to the Poles and the reasons for subversive and terrorist activities UWO and CNS in interwar Poland. Dontsov’s views on the methods and ethics of the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian nation were also reflected in the policy of extermination of Ukrainian nationalists during the Second World War and post-war period.
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